Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Residential Dust: Sources of Variability

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• 作者：Todd P. Whitehead ; F. Reber Brown ; Catherine Metayer ; June-Soo Park ; Monique Does ; Joginder Dhaliwal ; Myrto X. Petreas ; Patricia A. Buffler ; Stephen M. Rappaport
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：January 7, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：48
• 期：1
• 页码：157-164
• 全文大小：248K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

We characterized the variability in concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) measured in residential dust. Vacuum cleaner samples were collected from 289 homes in the California Childhood Leukemia Study during two sampling rounds from 2001 to 2010 and 15 PCBs were measured by high resolution gas chromatography鈥搈ass spectrometry. Median concentrations of the most abundant PCBs (i.e., PCBs 28, 52, 101, 105, 118, 138, 153, and 180) ranged from 1.0鈥?.8 ng per g of dust in the first sampling round and from 0.8鈥?.4 ng/g in the second sampling round. For each of these eight PCBs, we used a random-effects model to apportion total variation into regional variability (6鈥?1%), intraregional between-home variability (27鈥?6%), within-home variability over time (18鈥?2%), and within-sample variability (9鈥?6%). In mixed-effects models, differences in PCB concentrations between homes were explained by home age, with older homes having higher PCB levels. Differences in PCB concentrations within homes were explained by decreasing time trends. Estimated half-lives ranged from 5鈥?8 years, indicating that PCBs are removed very slowly from the indoor environment. Our findings suggest that it may be feasible to use residential dust for retrospective assessment of PCB exposures in studies of children鈥檚 health.