Test-Methods on the Test-Bench: A Comparison of Complete Exhaust and Exhaust Particle Extracts for Genotoxicity/Mutagenicity Assessment

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Sandro Steiner ; Norbert V. Heeb ; Jan Czerwinski ; Pierre Comte ; Andreas Mayer ; Alke Petri-Fink ; Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：May 6, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：48
• 期：9
• 页码：5237-5244
• 全文大小：458K
• 年卷期：v.48,no.9(May 6, 2014)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

With the growing number of new exhaust after-treatment systems, fuels and fuel additives for internal combustion engines, efficient and reliable methods for detecting exhaust genotoxicity and mutagenicity are needed to avoid the widespread application of technologies with undesirable effects toward public health. In a commonly used approach, organic extracts of particulates rather than complete exhaust is used for genotoxicity/mutagenicity assessment, which may reduce the reliability of the results. In the present study, we assessed the mutagenicity and the genotoxicity of complete diesel exhaust compared to an organic exhaust particle extract from the same diesel exhaust in a bacterial and a eukaryotic system, that is, a complex human lung cell model. Both, complete exhaust and organic extract were found to act mutagenic/genotoxic, but the amplitudes of the effects differed considerably. Furthermore, our data indicate that the nature of the mutagenicity may not be identical for complete exhaust and particle extracts. Because in addition, differences between the responses of the different biological systems were found, we suggest that a comprehensive assessment of exhaust toxicity is preferably performed with complete exhaust and with biological systems representative for the organisms and organs of interest (i.e., human lungs) and not only with the Ames test.