Use of Chemical Fingerprinting to Establish the Presence of Spilled Crude Oil in a Residential Area Following Hurricane Katrina, St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana

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• 作者：Scott A. Stout ; Bo Liu ; Glenn C. Millner ; Dyron Hamlin ; Edward Healey
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：November 1, 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：41
• 期：21
• 页码：7242 - 7251
• 全文大小：621K
• 年卷期：v.41,no.21(November 1, 2007)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Hurricane Katrina's storm surge displaced and damageda 250 000 barrel storage tank causing a Nigerian crude oilblend (API 36.4) to be released and dispersed into theadjacent evacuated residential area by the retreatingfloodwaters. The subsequent environmental assessmentinvolved sampling and chemical fingerprinting of nearly 15 000wipe and soil samples collected both inside and outsideof buildings to determine which properties were impactedby the spilled crude oil. Tier 1 qualitative analysis of gaschromatograms and Tier 2 quantitative (revised Nordtest-type) and qualitative (ASTM D5739-type) analysis ofpetroleum biomarkers revealed the extent of crude oilcontamination-as well as the widespread occurrence ofhydrocarbons derived from (i) lubricating, hydraulic,and transmission oils, most likely from vehicles in theflooded area, and (ii) allochthonous natural organic matter(NOM) from the surrounding bayous. Conventional oilspill fingerprinting protocols and two-component mixingmodels (crude oil/lube oil and crude oil/NOM) were usedto confirm the presence of the spilled crude oil-even whenmixed at low concentrations with other hydrocarbonsources-as a means to develop and govern a settlementand remedial program with the affected property owners.