Antifungal Proteins and Other Mechanisms in the Control of Sorghum Stalk Rot and Grain Mold

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• 作者：R. D. Waniska ; R. T. Venkatesha ; A. Chandrashekar ; S. Krishnaveni ; F. P. Bejosano ; J. Jeoung ; J. Jayaraj ; S. Muthukrishnan ; and G. H. Liang
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2001
• 出版时间：October 2001
• 年：2001
• 卷：49
• 期：10
• 页码：4732 - 4742
• 全文大小：193K
• 年卷期：v.49,no.10(October 2001)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

Research on antifungal proteins and other mechanisms that provide the biochemical basis for host-plant resistance to stalk rot and grain molds is reviewed in this paper. Stalk rot caused by Fusariumspecies leads to substantial yield loss due to poor grain filling and/or lodging. A transgenic sorghumexpressing high levels of chitinase exhibited less stalk rot development when exposed to conidia ofF. thapsinum. Grain mold of sorghum is associated with warm humid environments and resultsfrom colonization by several fungi (F. thapsinum, Curvularia lunata, and Alternaria alternata) ofthe developing caryopsis. The roles of several biochemical mechanisms (tannins, phenolic compounds,red pericarp, proteins, hard endosperm, and antifungal proteins) on grain mold resistance arediscussed. Resistance mechanisms related to these compounds appear to be additive, and pyramidingof genes is a feasible approach to limit grain deterioration. Several experimental approaches areproposed to extend current findings.Keywords: Antifungal proteins; grain mold; stalk rot; fungal pathogens