Prediction Model of the Buildup of Volatile Organic Compounds on Urban Roads

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• 作者：Parvez Mahbub ; Ashantha Goonetilleke ; Godwin A. Ayoko
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：May 15, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：45
• 期：10
• 页码：4453-4459
• 全文大小：858K
• 年卷期：v.45,no.10(May 15, 2011)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

A model to predict the buildup of mainly traffic-generated volatile organic compounds or VOCs (toluene, ethylbenzene, ortho-xylene, meta-xylene, and para-xylene) on urban road surfaces is presented. The model required three traffic parameters, namely average daily traffic (ADT), volume to capacity ratio (V/C), and surface texture depth (STD), and two chemical parameters, namely total suspended solid (TSS) and total organic carbon (TOC), as predictor variables. Principal component analysis and two phase factor analysis were performed to characterize the model calibration parameters. Traffic congestion was found to be the underlying cause of traffic-related VOC buildup on urban roads. The model calibration was optimized using orthogonal experimental design. Partial least squares regression was used for model prediction. It was found that a better optimized orthogonal design could be achieved by including the latent factors of the data matrix into the design. The model performed fairly accurately for three different land uses as well as five different particle size fractions. The relative prediction errors were 10鈥?0% for the different size fractions and 28鈥?0% for the different land uses while the coefficients of variation of the predicted intersite VOC concentrations were in the range of 25鈥?5% for the different size fractions. Considering the sizes of the data matrices, these coefficients of variation were within the acceptable interlaboratory range for analytes at ppb concentration levels.