Preparation, Characterization, Cytotoxicity, and Genotoxicity Evaluations of Thiolated- and S-Nitrosated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Implications for Cancer Treatment

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• 作者：Amedea B. Seabra ; Tatiane Pasqu么to ; Ana Carolina F. Ferrarini ; Marconi da Cruz Santos ; Paula S. Haddad ; Renata de Lima
• 刊名：Chemical Research in Toxicology
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：July 21, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：27
• 期：7
• 页码：1207-1218
• 全文大小：551K
• ISSN：1520-5010

文摘

Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles have been proposed for an increasing number of biomedical applications, such as drug delivery. To this end, toxicological studies of their potent effects in biological media must be better evaluated. The aim of this study was to synthesize, characterize, and examine the potential in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of thiolated (SH) and S-nitrosated (S-NO) iron oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles toward healthy and cancer cell lines. Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation techniques and coated with small thiol-containing molecules, such as mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) or meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). The physical鈥揷hemical, morphological, and magnetic properties of thiol-coating Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques. The thiol groups on the surface of the nanoparticles were nitrosated, leading to the formation of S-nitroso-MSA- or S-nitroso-DMSA-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of thiolated and S-nitrosated nanoparticles were more deeply evaluated in healthy (3T3, human lymphocytes cells, and chinese hamster ovary cells) and cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The results demonstrated that thiol-coating iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles have few toxic effects in cells, whereas S-nitrosated-coated particles did cause toxic effects. Moreover, due to the superaramagnetic behavior of S-nitroso-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, those particles can be guided to the target site upon the application of an external magnetic field, leading to local toxic effects in the tumor cells. Taken together, the results suggest the promise of S-nitroso-magnetic nanoparticles in cancer treatment.