A europium complex selectively staining the nucleolus of NIH 3T3, HeLa, and HDF cells isreported. This complex possesses not only the advantage of the long lifetime of europium emission (0.3ms), but also a chromophore that allows excitation at a relatively long wavelength (
max = 384 nm) andgives rise to an acceptable quantum yield (9%). The complex can be used both in live cell and fixed cellimaging, giving an average intracellular concentration on the order of 0.5
M. Strong binding to serumalbumin has been demonstrated by examination of the analogous gadolinium complex, studying relaxivitychanges with increasing protein concentration. The intracellular speciation of the complex has been examinedby circularly polarized emission spectroscopy and is consistent with the presence of more than one europiumspecies, possibly protein bound.