Protic Ionic Liquids as p-Dopant for Organic Hole Transporting Materials and Their Application in High Efficiency Hybrid Solar Cells

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• 作者：Antonio Abate ; Derek J. Hollman ; Jo毛l Teuscher ; Sandeep Pathak ; Roberto Avolio ; Gerardino D鈥橢rrico ; Giuseppe Vitiello ; Simona Fantacci ; Henry J. Snaith
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：September 11, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：135
• 期：36
• 页码：13538-13548
• 全文大小：567K
• 年卷期：v.135,no.36(September 11, 2013)
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

Chemical doping is a powerful method to improve the charge transport and to control the conductivity in organic semiconductors (OSs) for a wide range of electronic devices. We demonstrate protic ionic liquids (PILs) as effective p-dopant in both polymeric and small molecule OSs. In particular, we show that PILs promote single electron oxidation, which increases the hole concentration in the semiconducting film. The illustrated PIL-doping mechanism is compatible with materials processed by solution and is stable in air. We report the use of PIL-doping in hybrid solar cells based on triarylamine hole transporting materials, such as 2,2鈥?7,7鈥?tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9鈥?spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD). We show improved power conversion efficiency by replacing lithium salts, typical p-dopants for spiro-OMeTAD, with PILs. We use photovoltage鈥損hotocurrent decay and photoinduced absorption spectroscopy to establish that significantly improved device performance is mainly due to reduced charge transport resistance in the hole-transporting layer, as potentiated by PIL-doping.