Lignite Reduces the Solubility and Plant Uptake of Cadmium in Pasturelands

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• 作者：Michael Simmler ; Lisa Ciadamidaro ; Rainer Schulin ; Paula Madej贸n ; Ren茅 Reiser ; Lynne Clucas ; Paul Weber ; Brett Robinson
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T)
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：May 7, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：47
• 期：9
• 页码：4497-4504
• 全文大小：361K
• 年卷期：v.47,no.9(May 7, 2013)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Repeated application of Cd-rich phosphate fertilizers can lead to the accumulation of this nonessential element in soil. This can result in increased plant uptake, with possible breaches of food or feed safety standards. We aimed to determine whether lignite (brown coal) can reduce Cd solubility and plant uptake in New Zealand pasture soils. In batch sorption experiments, we tested the capacity of lignite and lignite-soil mixtures to sorb Cd at various soil pH and Cd loadings. Over a pH range of 4鈥?, Cd sorption by lignite was 1鈥? orders of magnitude greater than by a typic immature pallic soil containing 2% carbon. The addition of 5 wt % lignite to a range of soils revealed that lignite addition was most effective in reducing soluble Cd in soils with low pH. In a greenhouse experiment, we tested the effect of lignite on the accumulation of Cd and other elements by perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne (L.). The addition of just 1 wt % lignite to the aforementioned soil reduced plant Cd uptake by 30%, without adversely affecting biomass or the uptake of essential nutrient elements including copper and zinc. This may be due to preferential binding of Cd to organic sulfur in lignite.