An Understanding of Renal Stone Development in a Mixed Oxalate−Phosphate System

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• 作者：Xiangying Guan ; Lijun Wang ; Anja Dosen ; Ruikang Tang ; Rossman F. Giese ; Jennifer L. Giocondi ; Christine A. Orme ; John R. Hoyer ; George H. Nancollas
• 刊名：Langmuir
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：July 15, 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：24
• 期：14
• 页码：7058 - 7060
• 全文大小：327K
• 年卷期：v.24,no.14(July 15, 2008)
• ISSN：1520-5827

文摘

The in vivo formation of calcium oxalate concretions having calcium phosphate nidi is simulated in an in vitro (37 °C, pH 6.0) dual constant composition (DCC) system undersaturated (σ_DCPD = −0.330) with respect to brushite (DCPD, CaHPO₄·2H₂O) and slightly supersaturated (σ_COM = 0.328) with respect to calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM, CaC₂O₄·H₂O). The brushite dissolution provides calcium ions that raise the COM supersaturation, which is heterogeneously nucleated either on or near the surface of the dissolving calcium phosphate crystals. The COM crystallites may then aggregate, simulating kidney stone formation. Interestingly, two intermediate phases, anhydrous dicalcium phosphate (monetite, CaHPO₄) and calcium oxalate trihydrate (COT), are also detected by X-ray diffraction during this brushite−COM transformation. In support of clinical observations, the results of these studies demonstrate the participation of calcium phosphate phases in COM crystallization providing a possible physical chemical mechanism for kidney stone formation.