The e
ffe
cts o
f C-terminal trun
cation on the equilibrium
folding transitions and
folding kineti
cso
f B. licheniformis exo small ![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">-la
ctamase (ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L) have been measured. ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L la
cking 19 residues (ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L
C
fchars/Delta.gif" BORDER=0 >19) has no enzymi
c a
ctivity. Deletion o
f the last 14 residues produ
ces ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L
C
fchars/Delta.gif" BORDER=0 >14, whi
ch is 0.1%a
ctive. The enzyme la
cking nine residues (ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L
C
fchars/Delta.gif" BORDER=0 >9) is nearly
fully a
ctive, has native opti
cal andhydrodynami
c properties, and is protease resistant, a distinguishing
feature o
f the wild-type enzyme.Although ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L
C
fchars/Delta.gif" BORDER=0 >9 folds properly, it does so 4 orders o
f magnitude slower than ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L, making possiblethe isolation and
chara
cterization o
f a
compa
ct intermediate state (I
P ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L
C
fchars/Delta.gif" BORDER=0 >9). Based on the analysis o
ffolding rates and equilibrium
constants, we propose that equilibrium between I
P ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L
C
fchars/Delta.gif" BORDER=0 >9 and otherintermediate slow
folding. Residues removed in ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L
C
fchars/Delta.gif" BORDER=0 >9 and ES-
![](/images/gi<font color=)
fchars/beta2.gi
f" BORDER=0 ALIGN="middle">L
C
fchars/Delta.gif" BORDER=0 >14 are heli
cal and
firmly integratedinto the enzyme body through many van der Waals intera
ctions involving residues distant in sequen
ce.The results suggest that the deleted residues play a key role in the
folding pro
cess and also the existen
ceo
f a modular organization o
f the protein matrix, at the subdomain level. The results are
compared withother examples o
f this kind in the
folding literature.