Characterization and Biological Activities of Humic Substances from Mumie

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Igor A. Schepetkin ; Andrei I. Khlebnikov ; Shin Young Ah ; Sang B. Woo ; Choon-Soo Jeong ; Olesya N. Klubachuk ; and Byoung S. Kwon
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2003
• 出版时间：August 27, 2003
• 年：2003
• 卷：51
• 期：18
• 页码：5245 - 5254
• 全文大小：217K
• 年卷期：v.51,no.18(August 27, 2003)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

Mumie, a semihard black resin formed by long-term humification, is believed to have therapeuticproperties. Although mumie has been used in folk medicine since ancient times, there is littleinformation available concerning the physicochemical properties of its constituents and the mechanisms of its therapeutic efficacy. For this study crude mumie was fractionated into fulvic acid (FA),humic acid (HA), humin, hymatomelanic acid, and two low molecular weight fractions (LMW1 andLMW2). The FA fraction was divided into five subfractions, FA1-FA5. The mumie fractions werecharacterized by IR, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Total carbohydrate content in thefractions was analyzed using the phenol reaction method. The relative content of polar groups andnonpolar hydrocarbon fragments in the mumie fractions correlated well with solubility in an aqueousmedium. Biological characterization was performed using only the FA fractions. FA1 and FA2enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide in murine peritonealmacrophages, as determined with the use of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and Griess reagent,respectively. The enchancement of ROS and nitric oxide production correlated with the level of totalcarbohydrates in the fractions. Murine splenic lymphocytes treated with FA1 showed a dose-dependentincrease in [³H]thymidine uptake. These findings suggest that FA derived from mumie hasimmunomodulatory activity.Keywords: Mumie; humic substances; fulvic acid; reactive oxygen species; nitric oxide; macrophages