Fate of Diuron and Terbuthylazine in Soils Amended with Two-Phase Olive Oil Mill Waste

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• 作者：A. Cabrera ; Lucia Cox ; P. Velarde ; William C. Koskinen ; Juan Cornejo
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：June 13, 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：55
• 期：12
• 页码：4828 - 4834
• 全文大小：97K
• 年卷期：v.55,no.12(June 13, 2007)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

The addition of organic amendments to soil increases soil organic matter content and stimulates soilmicrobial activity. Thus, processes affecting herbicide fate in the soil should be affected. The objectiveof this work was to investigate the effect of olive oil production industry organic waste (alperujo) onsoil sorption-desorption, degradation, and leaching of diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea]and terbuthylazine [N²-tert-butyl-6-chloro-N⁴-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine], two herbicides widelyused in olive crops. The soils used in this study were a sandy soil and a silty clay soil from twodifferent olive groves. The sandy soil was amended in the laboratory with fresh (uncomposted) alperujoat the rate of 10% w/w, and the silty clay soil was amended in the field with fresh alperujo at the rateof 256 kg per tree during 4 years and in the laboratory with fresh or composted alperujo. Sorption ofboth herbicides increased in laboratory-amended soils as compared to unamended or field-amendedsoils, and this process was less reversible in laboratory-amended soils, except for diuron in amendedsandy soil. Addition of alperujo to soils increased half-lives of the herbicides in most of the soils.Diuron and terbuthylazine leached through unamended sandy soil, but no herbicide was detected inlaboratory-amended soil. Diuron did not leach through amended or unamended silty clay soil, whereassmall amounts of terbuthylazine were detected in leachates from unamended soil. Despite their highersorption capacity, greater amounts of terbuthylazine were found in the leachates from amended siltyclay soils. The amounts of dissolved organic matter from alperujo and the degree of humification canaffect sorption, degradation, and leaching of these two classes of herbicides in soils. It appears thatadding alperujo to soil would not have adverse impacts on the behavior of herbicides in oliveproduction.