From Rain Tanks to Catchments: Use of Low-Impact Development To Address Hydrologic Symptoms of the Urban Stream Syndrome
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- 作者：Asal Askarizadeh ; Megan A. Rippy ; Tim D. Fletcher ; David L. Feldman ; Jian Peng ; Peter Bowler ; Andrew S. Mehring ; Brandon K. Winfrey ; Jasper A. Vrugt ; Amir AghaKouchak ; Sunny C. Jiang ; Brett F. Sanders ; Lisa A. Levin ; Scott Taylor ; Stanley B. Grant
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：October 6, 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：49
- 期：19
- 页码：11264-11280
- 全文大小：937K
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Catchment urbanization perturbs the water and sediment budgets of streams, degrades stream health and function, and causes a constellation of flow, water quality, and ecological symptoms collectively known as the urban stream syndrome. Low-impact development (LID) technologies address the hydrologic symptoms of the urban stream syndrome by mimicking natural flow paths and restoring a natural water balance. Over annual time scales, the volumes of stormwater that should be infiltrated and harvested can be estimated from a catchment-scale water-balance given local climate conditions and preurban land cover. For all but the wettest regions of the world, a much larger volume of stormwater runoff should be harvested than infiltrated to maintain stream hydrology in a preurban state. Efforts to prevent or reverse hydrologic symptoms associated with the urban stream syndrome will therefore require: (1) selecting the right mix of LID technologies that provide regionally tailored ratios of stormwater harvesting and infiltration; (2) integrating these LID technologies into next-generation drainage systems; (3) maximizing potential cobenefits including water supply augmentation, flood protection, improved water quality, and urban amenities; and (4) long-term hydrologic monitoring to evaluate the efficacy of LID interventions.