Synthesis, Chemical Reactivity as Michael Acceptors, and Biological Potency of Monocyclic Cyanoenones, Novel and Highly Potent Anti-inflammatory and Cytoprotective Agents

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• 作者：Suqing Zheng ; Y. R. Santosh Laxmi ; Emilie David ; Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova ; Katherine H. Shiavoni ; Yanqing Ren ; Ying Zheng ; Isaac Trevino ; Ronald Bumeister ; Iwao Ojima ; W. Christian Wigley ; James B. Bliska ; Dale F. Mierke ; Tadashi Honda
• 刊名：Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：May 24, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：55
• 期：10
• 页码：4837-4846
• 全文大小：519K
• 年卷期：v.55,no.10(May 24, 2012)
• ISSN：1520-4804

文摘

Novel monocyclic cyanoenones examined to date display unique features regarding chemical reactivity as Michael acceptors and biological potency. Remarkably, in some biological assays, the simple structure is more potent than pentacyclic triterpenoids (e.g., CDDO and bardoxolone methyl) and tricycles (e.g., TBE-31). Among monocyclic cyanoenones, 1 is a highly reactive Michael acceptor with thiol nucleophiles. Furthermore, an important feature of 1 is that its Michael addition is reversible. For the inhibition of NO production, 1 shows the highest potency. Notably, its potency is about three times higher than CDDO, whose methyl ester (bardoxolone methyl) is presently in phase III clinical trials. For the induction of NQO1, 1 also demonstrated the highest potency. These results suggest that the reactivity of these Michael acceptors is closely related to their biological potency. Interestingly, in LPS-stimulated macrophages, 1 causes apoptosis and inhibits secretion of TNF-伪 and IL-1尾 with potencies that are higher than those of bardoxolone methyl and TBE-31.