Protonation State and Hydration of Bisphosphonate Bound to Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase
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- 作者：Takeshi Yokoyama ; Mineyuki Mizuguchi ; Andreas Ostermann ; Katsuhiro Kusaka ; Nobuo Niimura ; Tabias E. Schrader ; Ichiro Tanaka
- 刊名：Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：September 24, 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：58
- 期：18
- 页码：7549-7556
- 全文大小：600K
- ISSN：1520-4804
文摘
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) catalyzes the condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate to FPP and is known to be a molecular target of osteoporosis drugs, such as risedronate (RIS), which is a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate. The protonation states and hydration structure of RIS bound to FPPS were determined by neutron protein crystallography, which allows direct visualization of hydrogens and deuteriums. The structure analysis revealed that the phosphate groups of RIS were fully deprotonated with the abnormally decreased pKa, and that the roles of E93 and D264 consisted of canceling the extra negative charges upon the binding of ligands. Collectively, our neutron structures provided insights into the physicochemical properties during the bisphosphonate binding event.