We studied the self-assembly behavior in the bulk complexes of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with anamphiphilic dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) formed through hydrogen bonding. In the hydrate state,PEO-DBSA complexes self-organized into a lamellar morphology consisting of alternating stacks of polarand nonpolar layers. The interlamellar distance increased with decreasing binding fraction of DBSA dueto increasing inclusion of unbound monomer units into the polar layers. In the disordered state the comblikestructure persisted and a "correlation hole" peak was present in the corresponding small-angle X-rayscattering (SAXS) profile. Complexation with PEO greatly promoted the thermal stability of the mesophaseand the dynamics of mesophase formation as compared with those in pure DBSA. The faster mesophaseformation in the complexes was proposed to stem from the higher isotropization temperature as well asthe existence of comblike structure in the disordered melt.