Silicon Nanowire Fabric as a Lithium Ion Battery Electrode Material

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• 作者：Aaron M. Chockla ; Justin T. Harris ; Vahid A. Akhavan ; Timothy D. Bogart ; Vincent C. Holmberg ; Chet Steinhagen ; C. Buddie Mullins ; Keith J. Stevenson ; Brian A. Korgel
• 刊名：Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：December 28, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：133
• 期：51
• 页码：20914-20921
• 全文大小：1085K
• 年卷期：v.133,no.51(December 28, 2011)
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

A nonwoven fabric with paperlike qualities composed of silicon nanowires is reported. The nanowires, made by the supercritical-fluid鈥搇iquid鈥搒olid process, are crystalline, range in diameter from 10 to 50 nm with an average length of >100 渭m, and are coated with a thin chemisorbed polyphenylsilane shell. About 90% of the nanowire fabric volume is void space. Thermal annealing of the nanowire fabric in a reducing environment converts the polyphenylsilane coating to a carbonaceous layer that significantly increases the electrical conductivity of the material. This makes the nanowire fabric useful as a self-supporting, mechanically flexible, high-energy-storage anode material in a lithium ion battery. Anode capacities of more than 800 mA h g^鈥? were achieved without the addition of conductive carbon or binder.