Selecting CO2 Sources for CO2 Utilization by Environmental-Merit-Order Curves

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• 作者：Niklas von der Assen ; Leonard J. Müller ; Annette Steingrube ; Philip Voll ; André Bardow
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：50
• 期：3
• 页码：1093-1101
• 全文大小：567K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Capture and utilization of CO₂ as alternative carbon feedstock for fuels, chemicals, and materials aims at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and fossil resource use. For capture of CO₂, a large variety of CO₂ sources exists. Since they emit much more CO₂ than the expected demand for CO₂ utilization, the environmentally most favorable CO₂ sources should be selected. For this purpose, we introduce the environmental-merit-order (EMO) curve to rank CO₂ sources according to their environmental impacts over the available CO₂ supply. To determine the environmental impacts of CO₂ capture, compression and transport, we conducted a comprehensive literature study for the energy demands of CO₂ supply, and constructed a database for CO₂ sources in Europe. Mapping these CO₂ sources reveals that CO₂ transport distances are usually small. Thus, neglecting transport in a first step, we find that environmental impacts are minimized by capturing CO₂ first from chemical plants and natural gas processing, then from paper mills, power plants, and iron and steel plants. In a second step, we computed regional EMO curves considering transport and country-specific impacts for energy supply. Building upon regional EMO curves, we identify favorable locations for CO₂ utilization with lowest environmental impacts of CO₂ supply, so-called CO₂ oases.