文摘
The excellent charge carrier transportation in organolead halide perovskites is one major contributor to the high performance of many perovskite-based devices. There still exists a possibility for further enhancement of carrier transportation through nanoscale engineering, owing to the versatile wet-chemistry synthesis and processing of perovskites. Here we report the successful synthesis of bromide-gradient CH<sub>3sub>NH<sub>3sub>PbBr<sub>xsub>I<sub>3–xsub> single-crystalline nanowires (NWs) by a solid-to-solid ion exchange reaction starting from one end of pure CH<sub>3sub>NH<sub>3sub>PbI<sub>3sub> NWs, which was confirmed by local photoluminescence (PL) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) measurements. Due to the built-in halide gradient, the long-distance carrier transportation was driven by the energy funnel, rather than the spontaneous carrier diffusion. Indeed, local PL kinetics demonstrated effective charge carrier transportation only from the high-bandgap bromide-rich region to the low-bandgap iodine-rich region over a few micrometers. Therefore, these halide gradient NWs might find applications in various optoelectronic devices requiring long-distance and directional delivery of excitation energy.