Novel Octabrominated Phenolic Diphenyl Ether Identified in Blue Mussels from the Swedish West Coast
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- 作者：Ulrika Winnberg ; Andreas Ryd茅n ; Karin L枚fstrand ; Lillemor Asplund ; Anders Bignert ; G枚ran Marsh
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2014
- 出版时间：March 18, 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：48
- 期：6
- 页码：3319-3326
- 全文大小：342K
- 年卷期：v.48,no.6(March 18, 2014)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Hydroxylated (OH鈭? and methoxylated (MeO鈭? polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are compounds present in the marine environment and OH鈥揚BDEs are of toxicological concern and are therefore of interest to monitor in the environment. A phenolic octaBDE was tentatively identified in the phenolic fraction of previously analyzed mussel samples after methylation of the halogenated phenolic compounds (HPCs). The aim of the present study was to confirm the identity of this compound in blue mussels and investigate whether the analyte is diOH鈥?and/or OH鈥揗eO鈥搊ctaBDE. Two reference standards, 6,6鈥?dimethoxy-2,2鈥?3,3鈥?4,4鈥?5,5鈥?octabromodiphenyl ether (6,6鈥?diMeO鈥揃DE194) and 6-ethoxy-6鈥?methoxy-2,2鈥?3,3鈥?4,4鈥?5,5鈥?octabromodiphenyl ether (6-EtO-6鈥?MeO鈥揃DE194) were prepared via O-arylation of 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-6-methoxyphenol and 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-6-ethoxyphenol, respectively, with a novel unsymmetrical diaryliodonium salt, 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-6-methoxydiphenyliodonium triflate. The GC retention time and GC/MS spectrum of the synthesized 6,6鈥?diMeO鈥揃DE194 correspond well with the analyte in the methylated phenolic fraction of a mussel extract from a previous study. Structural analysis performed in this study indicate that the synthesized 6,6鈥?diMeO鈥揃DE194 and 6-EtO-6鈥?MeO鈥揃DE194 correspond well with 6-hydroxy-6鈥?methoxy-2,2鈥?3,3鈥?4,4鈥?5,5鈥?octabromodiphenyl ether (6-OH鈥?鈥?MeO鈥揃DE194) after methylation and ethylation, respectively, of the HPCs in the mussel extracts. The compound 6-OH鈥?鈥?MeO鈥揃DE194 was identified and quantified in new mussels, sampled in 2012 from two locations on the Swedish west coast, with geometric mean concentrations of 3700 and 410 ng/g fat, respectively.