Carbon-Confined SnO2-Electrodeposited Porous Carbon Nanofiber Composite as High-Capacity Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Material

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• 作者：Mahmut Dirican ; Yao Lu ; Yeqian Ge ; Ozkan Yildiz ; Xiangwu Zhang
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：August 26, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：7
• 期：33
• 页码：18387-18396
• 全文大小：713K
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

Sodium resources are inexpensive and abundant, and hence, sodium-ion batteries are promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries. However, lower energy density and poor cycling stability of current sodium-ion batteries prevent their practical implementation for future smart power grid and stationary storage applications. Tin oxides (SnO₂) can be potentially used as a high-capacity anode material for future sodium-ion batteries, and they have the advantages of high sodium storage capacity, high abundance, and low toxicity. However, SnO₂-based anodes still cannot be used in practical sodium-ion batteries because they experience large volume changes during repetitive charge and discharge cycles. Such large volume changes lead to severe pulverization of the active material and loss of electrical contact between the SnO₂ and carbon conductor, which in turn result in rapid capacity loss during cycling. Here, we introduce a new amorphous carbon-coated SnO₂-electrodeposited porous carbon nanofiber (PCNF@SnO₂@C) composite that not only has high sodium storage capability, but also maintains its structural integrity while ongoing repetitive cycles. Electrochemical results revealed that this SnO₂-containing nanofiber composite anode had excellent electrochemical performance including high-capacity (374 mAh g^鈥?), good capacity retention (82.7%), and large Coulombic efficiency (98.9% after 100th cycle).