High-Performance NiO/Ag/NiO Transparent Electrodes for Flexible Organic Photovoltaic Cells
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- 作者：Zhichao Xue ; Xingyuan Liu ; Nan Zhang ; Hong Chen ; Xuanming Zheng ; Haiyu Wang ; Xiaoyang Guo
- 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
- 出版年：2014
- 出版时间：September 24, 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：6
- 期：18
- 页码：16403-16408
- 全文大小：309K
- ISSN：1944-8252
文摘
Transparent electrodes with a dielectric鈥搈etal鈥揹ielectric (DMD) structure can be implemented in a simple manufacturing process and have good optical and electrical properties. In this study, nickel oxide (NiO) is introduced into the DMD structure as a more appropriate dielectric material that has a high conduction band for electron blocking and a low valence band for efficient hole transport. The indium-free NiO/Ag/NiO (NAN) transparent electrode exhibits an adjustable high transmittance of 鈭?2% combined with a low sheet resistance of 鈭?.6 惟路s路q鈥? and a work function of 5.3 eV after UVO treatment. The NAN electrode shows excellent surface morphology and good thermal, humidity, and environmental stabilities. Only a small change in sheet resistance can be found after NAN electrode is preserved in air for 1 year. The power conversion efficiencies of organic photovoltaic cells with NAN electrodes deposited on glass and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates are 6.07 and 5.55%, respectively, which are competitive with those of indium tin oxide (ITO)-based devices. Good photoelectric properties, the low-cost material, and the room-temperature deposition process imply that NAN electrode is a striking candidate for low-cost and flexible transparent electrode for efficient flexible optoelectronic devices.