文摘
Copper-based inorganic–protein hybrid nanoflowers were constructed on the surface of a nanofiber membrane, creating a highly biocompatible, biomimetic, and multilevel surface. The inorganic–enzyme nanoflowers exhibited enhanced durability and stability arising in part from the protection of the enzyme by the inorganic crystals. The high specific surface area and abundant functional groups of Cu2+ on the nanofiber membrane enable the dense and compact growth of Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O–protein nanoflowers. The structure, morphology, and crystallization of the copper-based inorganic–protein nanoflowers were analyzed, which led us to propose a formation mechanism of the hybrid nanoflower. The composition and structure of the copper-based inorganic–protein nanoflowers on the nanofiber membrane could be controlled by varying the structure of the nanofiber membrane, formulation of mineralizing solutions, concentration of protein, and growing time. Different structures of protein, such as BSA, papain, laccase, and HRP, show different morphologies. The construction of copper-based inorganic–protein nanoflowers on nanoscale fibrous membrane opens new possibilities for preparing biomimetic multilevel structured materials and makes them an ideal material for biosensor, biocatalysis, bioengineering, and biodevices.