Stove Performance and Emission Characteristics in Residential Wood Log and Pellet Combustion, Part 1: Pellet Stoves

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• 作者：Christoffer Boman ; Esbjo虉rn Pettersson ; Roger Westerholm ; Dan Bostro虉m ; Anders Nordin
• 刊名：Energy & Fuels
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：January 20, 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：25
• 期：1
• 页码：307-314
• 全文大小：778K
• 年卷期：v.25,no.1(January 20, 2011)
• ISSN：1520-5029

文摘

Stove performance, characteristics, and quantities of gaseous and particulate emissions were determined for two different pellet stoves, varying fuel load, pellet diameter, and chimney draft. This approach aimed at covering variations in emissions from stoves in use today. The extensive measurement campaign included CO, NO_x, organic gaseous carbon, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total particulate matter (PM_tot) as well as particle mass and number concentrations, size distributions, and inorganic composition. At high load, most emissions were similar. For stove B, operating at high residual oxygen and solely with primary air, the emissions of PM_tot and particle numbers were higher while the particles were smaller. Lowering the fuel load, the emissions of CO and hydrocarbons increased dramatically for stove A, which operated continuously also at lower fuel loads. On the other hand for stove B, which had intermittent operation at lower fuel loads, the emissions of hydrocarbons increased only slightly lowering the fuel load, while CO emissions increased sharply, due to high emissions at the end of the combustion cycle. Beside methane, dominating VOCs were ethene, acetylene, and benzene and the emissions of VOC varied in the range 1.1鈭?2 mg/MJ_fuel. PAH emissions (2鈭?40 渭g/MJ_fuel) were generally dominated by phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene. The PM_tot values (15鈭?5 mg/MJ_fuel) were in all cases dominated by fine particles with mass median diameters in the range 100鈭?00 nm, peak mobility diameters of 50鈭?5 nm, and number concentrations in the range 4 脳 10¹³ to 3 脳 10¹⁴ particles/MJ_fuel. During high load conditions, the particulate matter was totally dominated by inorganic particles at 15鈭?5 mg/MJ_fuel consisting of potassium, sodium, sulfur, and chlorine, in the form of K₂SO₄, K₃Na(SO₄)₂, and KCl. The study shows that differences in operation and modulation principles for the tested pellet stoves, relevant for appliances in use today, will affect the performance and emissions significantly, although with lower scattering in the present study compared to compiled literature data.