In Operando X-ray Diffraction and Transmission X-ray Microscopy of Lithium Sulfur Batteries

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• 作者：Johanna Nelson ; Sumohan Misra ; Yuan Yang ; Ariel Jackson ; Yijin Liu ; Hailiang Wang ; Hongjie Dai ; Joy C. Andrews ; Yi Cui ; Michael F. Toney
• 刊名：The Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：April 11, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：134
• 期：14
• 页码：6337-6343
• 全文大小：438K
• 年卷期：v.134,no.14(April 11, 2012)
• ISSN：1520-5126

文摘

Rechargeable lithium鈥搒ulfur (Li鈥揝) batteries hold great potential for high-performance energy storage systems because they have a high theoretical specific energy, low cost, and are eco-friendly. However, the structural and morphological changes during electrochemical reactions are still not well understood. In this Article, these changes in Li鈥揝 batteries are studied in operando by X-ray diffraction and transmission X-ray microscopy. We show recrystallization of sulfur by the end of the charge cycle is dependent on the preparation technique of the sulfur cathode. On the other hand, it was found that crystalline Li₂S does not form at the end of discharge for all sulfur cathodes studied. Furthermore, during cycling the bulk of soluble polysulfides remains trapped within the cathode matrix. Our results differ from previous ex situ results. This highlights the importance of in operando studies and suggests possible strategies to improve cycle life.