Supercritical CO2 Extraction of -Carotene from a Marine Strain of the Cyanobacterium Synechococcus
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- 作者：Olimpio Montero ; Maria Dolores Mací ; as-Sá ; nchez ; Carmen M. Lama ; Luis M. Lubiá ; n ; Casimiro Mantell ; Miguel Rodrí ; guez ; and Enrique M. de la Ossa
- 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
- 出版年：2005
- 出版时间：December 14, 2005
- 年：2005
- 卷：53
- 期：25
- 页码：9701 - 9707
- 全文大小：284K
- 年卷期：v.53,no.25(December 14, 2005)
- ISSN：1520-5118
文摘
Dynamic extraction of carotenoids from a marine strain of Synechococcus sp. (Cyanophyceae) withsupercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) was investigated with regard to operation pressure and temperature effectson extraction efficiency. Extraction yield (milligrams of pigment per gram of dry weight) for SC-CO2was compared with the extraction yield for dimethylformamide (DMF). Carotenoids extracted withSC-CO2 were 
-carotene (Ct), zeaxanthin (Z), -cryptoxanthin (Cr), and equinenone; chlorophyll awas poorly extracted, whereas myxoxanthophyll, another major carotenoid, was not extracted underany experimental condition. The highest relative yield, which is defined here as yr = [(mg ofpigmentSC-CO2/mg of pigmentDMF)] × 100, was 76.1 ± 8.6% for Ct, but it rose to 87.0 ± 3.4% when15% ethanol was used as cosolvent. The pressure effect on yr was found to be significant (p < 0.05)for both Cr and Z, along with total carotenoids, whereas the effect of square T (TT) was significantfor only Ct. From empirical correlations, pairwise pressure (bar) and temperature (
deg.gif">C), respectively,for optimal extraction were determined to be (358, 50) for Ct, (454, 59) for Cr, and (500, 60) for Z.Cell disruption by sonication or detergent treatment of the biomass did not improve the extractionefficiency. Matrix structure together with material state could explain the low carotenoid extractionyield obtained with SC-CO2 as compared to DMF in Synechococcus sp. However, the process canbe applied to selective extraction of different carotenoids.Keywords: Supercritical carbon dioxide; carotenoids; Synechococcus; HPLC
-carotene (Ct), zeaxanthin (Z), -cryptoxanthin (Cr), and equinenone; chlorophyll awas poorly extracted, whereas myxoxanthophyll, another major carotenoid, was not extracted underany experimental condition. The highest relative yield, which is defined here as yr = [(mg ofpigmentSC-CO2/mg of pigmentDMF)] × 100, was 76.1 ± 8.6% for Ct, but it rose to 87.0 ± 3.4% when15% ethanol was used as cosolvent. The pressure effect on yr was found to be significant (p < 0.05)for both Cr and Z, along with total carotenoids, whereas the effect of square T (TT) was significantfor only Ct. From empirical correlations, pairwise pressure (bar) and temperature (deg.gif">C), respectively,for optimal extraction were determined to be (358, 50) for Ct, (454, 59) for Cr, and (500, 60) for Z.Cell disruption by sonication or detergent treatment of the biomass did not improve the extractionefficiency. Matrix structure together with material state could explain the low carotenoid extractionyield obtained with SC-CO2 as compared to DMF in Synechococcus sp. However, the process canbe applied to selective extraction of different carotenoids.Keywords: Supercritical carbon dioxide; carotenoids; Synechococcus; HPLC