Synthesis of Triazole-Linked Analogues of c-di-GMP and Their Interactions with Diguanylate Cyclase
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- 作者：Silvia Fernicola ; Ilaria Torquati ; Alessandro Paiardini ; Giorgio Giardina ; Giordano Rampioni ; Marco Messina ; Livia Leoni ; Fabio Del Bello ; Riccardo Petrelli ; Serena Rinaldo ; Loredana Cappellacci ; Francesca Cutruzzol脿
- 刊名：Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：October 22, 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：58
- 期：20
- 页码：8269-8284
- 全文大小：758K
- ISSN：1520-4804
文摘
Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a widespread second messenger that plays a key role in bacterial biofilm formation. The compound鈥檚 ability to assume multiple conformations allows it to interact with a diverse set of target macromolecules. Here, we analyzed the binding mode of c-di-GMP to the allosteric inhibitory site (I-site) of diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) and compared it to the conformation adopted in the catalytic site of the EAL phosphodiesterases (PDEs). An array of novel molecules has been designed and synthesized by simplifying the native c-di-GMP structure and replacing the charged phosphodiester backbone with an isosteric nonhydrolyzable 1,2,3-triazole moiety. We developed the first neutral small molecule able to selectively target DGCs discriminating between the I-site of DGCs and the active site of PDEs; this molecule represents a novel tool for mechanistic studies, particularly on those proteins bearing both DGC and PDE modules, and for future optimization studies to target DGCs in vivo.