Radiation Induced Spent Nuclear Fuel Dissolution under Deep Repository Conditions

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• 作者：Mats Jonsson ; Fredrik Nielsen ; Olivia Roth ; Ella Ekeroth ; Sara Nilsson ; Mohammad Mohsin Hossain
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：October 15, 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：41
• 期：20
• 页码：7087 - 7093
• 全文大小：172K
• 年卷期：v.41,no.20(October 15, 2007)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

The dynamics of spent nuclear fuel dissolution ingroundwater is an important part of the safety assessmentof a deep geological repository for high level nuclearwaste. In this paper we discuss the most important elementaryprocesses and parameters involved in radiation inducedoxidative dissolution of spent nuclear fuel. Based on theseprocesses, we also present a new approach for simulationof spent nuclear fuel dissolution under deep repositoryconditions. This approach accounts for the effects of fuelage, burn up, noble metal nanoparticle contents, aqueousH₂ and HCO₃^- concentration, water chemistry, andcombinations thereof. The results clearly indicate thatsolutes consuming H₂O₂ and combined effects of noble metalnanoparticles and H₂ have significant impact on the rateof spent nuclear fuel dissolution. Using data from the twopossible repository sites in Sweden, we have employedthe new approach to estimate the maximum rate of spentnuclear fuel dissolution. This estimate indicates that H₂produced from radiolysis of groundwater alone willbe sufficient to inhibit the dissolution completely for spentnuclear fuel older than 100 years.