Bioremediation of an Experimental Oil Spill on the Shoreline of Delaware Bay
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- 作者：Albert D. Venosa ; Makram T. Suidan ; Brian A. Wrenn ; Kevin L. Strohmeier ; John R. Haines ; B. Loye Eberhart ; Dennis King ; and Edith Holder
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：1996
- 出版时间：May 1996
- 年：1996
- 卷：30
- 期：5
- 页码：1764 - 1775
- 全文大小：599K
- 年卷期：v.30,no.5(May 1996)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
In the summer of 1994, a field study was undertakenin Delaware in which light crude oil wasintentionally released onto plots to evaluate bioremediation. The objectives were to obtain crediblestatistical evidence to determine if bioremediationwith inorganic mineral nutrients and/or microbialinoculation enhanced the removal of crude oilcontaminating a sandy beach and to compute intrinsicand enhanced biodegradation rates. Biodegradationwas tracked by GC/MS analysis of selectedcomponents, and the measured concentrations werecorrected for abiotic removal by hopane normalization. A randomized block design was used to assesstreatment effects. Three treatments were evaluated: a no-nutrient addition control, addition of water-soluble nutrients, and addition of water-solublenutrients supplemented with a natural microbial inoculumfrom the site. Although substantial hydrocarbonbiodegradation occurred in the untreated plots, statistically significant differences between treated anduntreated plots were observed in the biodegradationrates of total alkane and total aromatic hydrocarbons.First-order rate constants for the disappearance ofindividual hopane-normalized alkanes and PAHswere computed, and the patterns of loss were typicalof biodegradation. Significant differences were notobserved between plots treated with nutrients aloneand plots treated with nutrients and the indigenousinoculum. The high rate of oil biodegradation thatwasobserved in the untreated plots was attributed tothe background nitrogen that was measured at the site.Even though oil loss was enhanced by nutrient addition, active bioremediation in the form ofexogenous nutrient addition might not be appropriatein cases where background nutrient levels arealreadysufficiently high to support high intrinsic rates ofhydrocarbon biodegradation.