The recently discovered SrFeO
2 prepared by a soft chemical route from a precursor SrFeO
3 has the "infinite layer" (IL) structure with an unprecedented FeO
4 square-planar coordination. We show that the IL structure has significant solubility to yield Sr
1-xCa
xFeO
2 (0
x ![](/images/entities/le.gif)
1) and is thermally stable (at least as high as 1000 K for SrFeO
2). These results demonstrate that the IL structure, once it is formed at low temperatures, is surprisingly robust owing to the extremely covalent nature of the Fe-O bond, thereby opening a door to chemical tuning of properties and to possible high-temperature applications.