文摘
Four real-time polymerase chain reaction systems aiming at the specific detection and quantificationof maize DNA are described. They have been developed in four independent laboratories targetingdifferent maize sequences, i.e., alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh1), high mobility group protein (hmga),invertase A (ivr1), and zein, respectively. They were all fully specific, showing a very similarquantification accuracy along a number of distantly related maize cultivars and being either single orlow copy number genes. They were highly sensitive and exhibited limits of quantification below 100maize genomic copies. In consequence, they are considered suitable for use as maize specificendogenous reference genes in DNA analyses, including GMO quantitative tests.Keywords: Zea mays; maize; corn; alcohol dehydrogenase; Adh1; high mobility group protein; hmga;invertase A; ivr1; zein; quantitative, real-time PCR; GMO detection; endogenous reference gene