In our previous study, neo-tanshinlactone (
1) showed potent and selective anti-breast cancer activity. Toexplore the SAR of
1, nine analogues (
15-18,
24-28) were designed and synthesized. Together with
1 andtamoxifen (TAM), all newly synthesized compounds and some intermediates were evaluated for in vitroanticancer activity against several human tumor cell lines. Compounds without a ring D did not showpromising activity, while compounds with a methylated furan ring D showed better activity than those withunsubstituted furan or hydroxy-dihydrofuran rings. Among all newly synthesized compounds, compound
15 with an ethyl group at the 4-position showed the best activity and selectivity with ED
50 values of 0.45and 0.18
g/mL against MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 (ER+) and 13.5 and 10.0
g/mL against MDA MB-231 andHS 587-1 (ER-), respectively. Furthermore,
15 also showed potent activity against SK-BR-3 (ER-, HER2+)with an ED
50 value of 0.10
g/mL. Our preliminary SAR studies showed that a methylated furan ring D andthe C-4 substituent in ring A are critical for anti-breast cancer activity. Further development of
1 and
15 asanti-breast cancer drug candidates is warranted.