Perfluorooctanesulfonate and Related Fluorochemicals in Human Blood from Several Countries

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• 作者：Kurunthachalam Kannan ; Simonetta Corsolini ; Jerzy Falandysz ; Gilberto Fillmann ; Kurunthachalam Senthil Kumar ; Bommanna G. Loganathan ; Mustafa Ali Mohd ; Jesus Olivero ; Nathalie Van Wouwe ; Jae Ho Yang
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2004
• 出版时间：September 1, 2004
• 年：2004
• 卷：38
• 期：17
• 页码：4489 - 4495
• 全文大小：89K
• 年卷期：v.38,no.17(September 1, 2004)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride based compounds havebeen used in a wide variety of consumer products, suchas carpets, upholstery, and textiles. These compounds degradeto perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), a persistent metabolitethat accumulates in tissues of humans and wildlife.Previous studies have reported the occurrence of PFOS,perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoate(PFOA), and perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA) in humansera collected from the United States. In this study,concentrations of PFOS, PFHxS, PFOA, and PFOSA weremeasured in 473 human blood/serum/plasma samplescollected from the United States, Colombia, Brazil, Belgium,Italy, Poland, India, Malaysia, and Korea. Among thefour perfluorochemicals measured, PFOS was the predominantcompound found in blood. Concentrations of PFOS werethe highest in the samples collected from the UnitedStates and Poland (>30 ng/mL); moderate in Korea, Belgium,Malaysia, Brazil, Italy, and Colombia (3 to 29 ng/mL); andlowest in India (<3 ng/mL). PFOA was the next most abundantperfluorochemical in blood samples, although thefrequency of occurrence of this compound was relativelylow. No age- or gender-related differences in theconcentrations of PFOS and PFOA were found in serumsamples. The degree of association between theconcentrations of four perfluorochemicals varied, dependingon the origin of the samples. These results suggestedthe existence of sources with varying levels and compositionsof perfluorochemicals, and differences in exposurepatterns to these chemicals, in various countries. Inaddition to the four target fluorochemicals measured,qualitative analysis of selected blood samples showed thepresence of other perfluorochemicals such as perfluorodecanesulfonate (PFDS), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA),perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid(PFDA), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) in serum samples, at concentrationsapproximately 5- to 10-fold lower than the concentrationof PFOS. Further studies should focus on identifying sourcesand pathways of human exposure to perfluorochemicals.