Development and Evaluation of a Personal Particulate Organic and Mass Sampler
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- 作者：Yanbo Pang ; Lara A. Gundel ; Timothy Larson ; Dennis Finn ; L.-J. Sally Liu ; and Candis S. Claiborn
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2002
- 出版时间：December 1, 2002
- 年：2002
- 卷：36
- 期：23
- 页码：5205 - 5210
- 全文大小：83K
- 年卷期：v.36,no.23(December 1, 2002)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Accurate measurement of personal exposure to particulatematter and its constituents requires samplers that areaccurate, compact, lightweight, inexpensive, and convenientto use. The personal particulate organic and masssampler (PPOMS) has been developed to meet thesecriteria. The PPOMS uses activated carbon-impregnatedfoam as a combined 2.5-
m size-selective inlet and denuderfor assessment of fine particle mass and organic carbon.Proof of the PPOMS concept has been established bycomparing mass and organic carbon in particles collectedwith collocated samplers in Seattle, at a central outdoorsite, and in residences. Daily particulate mass concentrationsaveraged 10.0 ± 5.2, 12.0 ± 5.3, and 11.2 ± 5.1 g m-3for the Federal Reference Method, the Harvard PersonalExposure Monitor, and the PPOMS, respectively, for 10 24-hsampling periods. During a series of PM2.5 indoor organiccarbon (OC) measurements from single quartz filters,the apparent indoor OC averaged 7.7 ± 0.8 g of C m-3,which was close to the indoor PM2.5 mass from collocatedTeflon filters (7.3 ± 2.3 g of C m-3), indicating thepresence of a large positive OC artifact. In collocatedmeasurements, the PPOMS eliminated this artifact just aswell as the integrated gas and particle sampler thatincorporated a macroreticular polystyrene-divinylbenzene(XAD-4) resin-coated denuder, yielding OC concentrationsof 2.5 ± 0.4 and 2.4 ± 1.0 g of C m-3, respectively. Thermalanalysis for OC indicated that the indoor positive artifactwas due to adsorption of gas-phase semivolatile organiccompounds (SVOC). This study shows that the PPOMS designprovides a 2.5-m size-selective inlet that also preventsthe adsorption of gas-phase SVOC onto quartz filters, thuseliminating the filter positive artifact. The PPOMS meets asignificant current challenge for indoor and personalsampling of particulate organic carbon. The PPOMS designcan also simplify accurate ambient sampling for PM2.5.
m size-selective inlet and denuderfor assessment of fine particle mass and organic carbon.Proof of the PPOMS concept has been established bycomparing mass and organic carbon in particles collectedwith collocated samplers in Seattle, at a central outdoorsite, and in residences. Daily particulate mass concentrationsaveraged 10.0 ± 5.2, 12.0 ± 5.3, and 11.2 ± 5.1 g m-3for the Federal Reference Method, the Harvard PersonalExposure Monitor, and the PPOMS, respectively, for 10 24-hsampling periods. During a series of PM2.5 indoor organiccarbon (OC) measurements from single quartz filters,the apparent indoor OC averaged 7.7 ± 0.8 g of C m-3,which was close to the indoor PM2.5 mass from collocatedTeflon filters (7.3 ± 2.3 g of C m-3), indicating thepresence of a large positive OC artifact. In collocatedmeasurements, the PPOMS eliminated this artifact just aswell as the integrated gas and particle sampler thatincorporated a macroreticular polystyrene-divinylbenzene(XAD-4) resin-coated denuder, yielding OC concentrationsof 2.5 ± 0.4 and 2.4 ± 1.0 g of C m-3, respectively. Thermalanalysis for OC indicated that the indoor positive artifactwas due to adsorption of gas-phase semivolatile organiccompounds (SVOC). This study shows that the PPOMS designprovides a 2.5-m size-selective inlet that also preventsthe adsorption of gas-phase SVOC onto quartz filters, thuseliminating the filter positive artifact. The PPOMS meets asignificant current challenge for indoor and personalsampling of particulate organic carbon. The PPOMS designcan also simplify accurate ambient sampling for PM2.5.