Predator diet, origin or both? Factors determining responses of omnivorous amphipods to predation cues

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Łukasz Jermacz ; Anna Dzierżyńska-Białończyk ; Jarosław Kobak
• 关键词：Alarm substance ; Anti ; predator behaviour ; Dikerogammarus villosus ; Pontogammarus robustoides ; Predation risk assessment ; Predator kairomone
• 刊名：Hydrobiologia
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：785
• 期：1
• 页码：173-184
• 全文大小：610 KB
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Hydrobiology
  Ecology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-5117
• 卷排序：785

文摘

Detection of chemical cues of predators and food resources is a key for the behaviour of many species in aquatic ecosystems. We checked whether predator origin and diet, containing potential food and/or alarm signals, affect the behaviour of omnivorous prey partly sharing their diet with a top predator. We conducted y-maze experiments to study the responses of invasive omnivorous and cannibalistic amphipods (Dikerogammarus villosus and Pontogammarus robustoides) to chemical cues of fish predators, injured amphipods and chironomid larvae (common amphipod food). As the predators, we used the goby Babka gymnotrachelus (sympatric with the amphipods) and piranha Pygocentrus nattereri (allopatric to the amphipods). The fish were either starved or fed amphipods or chironomids. D. villosus preferred predators fed chironomids and conspecifics as well as crushed conspecifics and chironomids, but avoided both hungry predators. Thus, D. villosus may perceive the presence of a top predator as an indication of both food resource and predation risk. P. robustoides avoided predators fed both amphipods (particularly conspecifics) and their alarm substances. The responses of both species depended more on the predator diet than on its species, which is likely to facilitate the recognition of allopatric predators and survival in newly invaded areas.