New zoonotic cases of Onchocerca dewittei japonica (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) in Honshu, Japan

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• 作者：Shigehiko Uni (1) (2)
  Masako Fukuda (3)
  Yasushi Otsuka (4)
  Nobuo Hiramatsu (5)
  Kenichi Yokobayashi (6)
  Hiroshi Takahashi (6)
  Susumu Murata (7)
  Kenji Kusatake (7)
  Eishin Morita (7)
  Haruhiko Maruyama (8)
  Hideo Hasegawa (9)
  Kuninori Shiwaku (10)
  Rosli Ramli (1)
  Mohd Sofian Azirun (1)
  Hiroyuki Takaoka (1)
  
  1. Institute of Biological Sciences ; Faculty of Science ; University of Malaya ; 50603 ; Kuala Lumpur ; Malaysia
  2. Department of Parasitology ; Graduate School of Medicine ; Osaka City University ; Osaka ; 545-8585 ; Japan
  3. Research Promotion Institute ; Oita University ; Oita ; 879-5593 ; Japan
  4. Research Center for the Pacific Islands ; Kagoshima University ; Kagoshima ; 890-8580 ; Japan
  5. Hiramatsu Orthopedic Clinic ; Hiroshima ; 730-0016 ; Japan
  6. Hiroshima University Hospital ; Hiroshima ; 734-8551 ; Japan
  7. Department of Dermatology ; Faculty of Medicine ; Shimane University ; Shimane ; 693-8501 ; Japan
  8. Department of Infectious Diseases ; Division of Parasitology ; Faculty of Medicine ; University of Miyazaki ; Miyazaki ; 889-1692 ; Japan
  9. Department of Biology ; Faculty of Medicine ; Oita University ; Oita ; 879-5593 ; Japan
  10. Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine ; Faculty of Medicine ; Shimane University ; Shimane ; 693-8501 ; Japan
  
• 关键词：Filarioid ; Global warming ; Japanese wild boar ; Onchocerca dewittei japonica ; Vector ; borne disease ; Zoonosis
• 刊名：Parasites & Vectors
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：8
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1,743 KB
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• 刊物主题：Parasitology; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine; Entomology;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1756-3305

文摘

Background Zoonotic infections with Onchocerca species are uncommon, and to date only 25 clinical cases have been reported worldwide. In Japan, five previous zoonotic infections were concentrated in Oita, Kyushu (the southern island), with one previous case in Hiroshima in the western part of Honshu (the main island). The causative agent in Japan was identified as Onchocerca dewittei japonica Uni, Bain & Takaoka, 2001 from Japanese wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomystax Temminck, 1842). Here we report two infections caused by a female and male O. dewittei japonica, respectively, among residents of Hiroshima and Shimane Prefectures in the western part of Honshu. Methods In both cases, nodules were surgically removed. The parasites in nodules were identified on the basis of their histopathological characteristics. Identification was confirmed by sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene from worms in the tissues used in the histological preparations. Results Case 1 was a 61-year-old woman from Hiroshima Prefecture who complained of a painful subcutaneous nodule on the back of her right hand. The causative agent was identified as a female O. dewittei japonica owing to transverse ridges on the cuticle and molecular analysis. Case 2 was a 78-year-old woman from Shimane Prefecture who had a painful nodule in the left temporal region. Histopathological characteristics and cox1 sequencing of the worm indicated that the causative agent was a male O. dewittei japonica. Conclusions For Cases 1 and 2, we diagnosed the causative agents as a female and male O. dewittei japonica, respectively. These findings indicate the spread of a zoonosis caused by O. dewittei japonica in the western part of Honshu, where wild boars have recently extended their habitats because of decreased annual snowfall, unused rice fields and a decline in the number of hunters in Japan. The O. dewittei japonica infection rate among wild boars was reported as 78% in Shimane Prefecture, in the western part of Honshu. Therefore, in the near future, zoonotic onchocercosis is likely to occur in Honshu as well as Kyushu, where wild boars, blackfly vectors and humans share the same habitat.