ALAIN01—Alemtuzumab in autoimmune inflammatory neurodegeneration: mechanisms of action and neuroprotective potential

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• 作者：Tobias Ruck ; Ali Maisam Afzali ; Karl-Friedrich Lukat ; Maria Eveslage…
• 关键词：Alemtuzumab ; Multiple sclerosis ; Disease ; modifying therapy ; Risk stratification ; Mechanism of action ; Secondary autoimmune disease
• 刊名：BMC Neurology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：16
• 期：1
• 全文大小：536 KB
• 刊物主题：Neurology; Neurochemistry; Neurosurgery;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1471-2377

文摘

Background Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada®) is a newly approved therapeutic agent for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). In previous phase II and III clinical trials, alemtuzumab has proven superior efficacy to subcutaneous interferon beta-1a concerning relapse rate and disability progression with unprecedented durability and long-lasting freedom of disease activity. The humanized monoclonal antibody targets CD52, leading to a rapid and long-lasting depletion, especially of B and T cells. Arising from hematopoietic precursor cells a fundamental reprogramming of the immune system restores tolerogenic networks effectively suppressing autoimmune inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite its favourable effects alemtuzumab holds a severe risk of side effects with secondary autoimmunity being the most considerable. Markers for risk stratification and treatment response improving patient selection and therapy guidance are a big unmet need for MS patients and health care providers.