Occurrence of Phthalate Diesters in Particulate and Vapor Phases in Indoor Air and Implications for Human Exposure in Albany, New York, USA

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• 作者：Tri Manh Tran ; Kurunthachalam Kannan
• 刊名：Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：68
• 期：3
• 页码：489-499
• 全文大小：578 KB
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• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Terrestrial Pollution
  Agriculture
  Ecology
  Forestry
  Environment
  Soil Science and Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1432-0703

文摘

Phthalate diesters are used as plasticizers in a wide range of consumer products. Because phthalates have been shown in laboratory animal studies to be toxic, human exposure to these chemicals is a matter of concern. Nevertheless, little is known about inhalation exposure to phthalates in the United States. In this study, occurrence of nine phthalates was determined in 60 indoor air samples collected in 2014 in Albany, New York, USA. Airborne particulate and vapor phase samples were collected from various sampling locations by use of a low-volume air sampler. The median concentrations of nine phthalates in air samples collected from homes, offices, laboratories, schools, salons (hair and nail salons), and public places were 732, 143, 170, 371, 2600, and 354?ng/m3, respectively. Diethyl phthalate (DEP) was found at the highest concentrations, which ranged from 4.83 to 2250?ng/m3 (median 152) followed by di-n-butyl phthalate, which ranged from 4.05 to 1170?ng/m3 (median 63.3). The median inhalation exposure dose to phthalates was estimated at 0.845, 0.423, 0.203, 0.089, and 0.070?μg/kg-bw/d for infants, toddlers, children, teenagers, and adults, respectively. Inhalation is an important pathway?of human exposure to DEP.