Virulence of Candida albicans isolated from HIV infected and non infected individuals

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Tri Wibawa ; Praseno ; Abu Tholib Aman
• 关键词：C. albicans ; Virulence factors ; HIV infection
• 刊名：SpringerPlus
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：4
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1298KB
• 参考文献：Alby K, Bennett RJ (2009) Stress-induced phenotypic switching in Candida albicans. Mol Biol Cell 20:3178鈥?191CrossRef
  Anwar KP, Malik A, Subhan KH (2012) Profile of candidiasis in HIV infected patients. Iran J Microbiol 4(4):204鈥?09
  Dos Santos Abrantes PM, McArthur CP, Africa CW (2014) Multi-drug resistant oral Candida species isolated from HIV-positive patients in South Africa and Cameroon. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 79(2):222鈥?27CrossRef
  Fidel PL Jr (2011) Candida-host interactions in HIV disease: implications for oropharyngeal candidiasis. Adv Dent Res 23(1):45鈥?9CrossRef
  Hnisz D, Tscherner M, Kuchler K (2011) Morphological and molecular genetic analysis of epigenetic switching of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. In: Becskel A (ed) Yeast Genetics Networks: Methods and Protocols Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 734. Springer, New York, p. 300鈥?15
  Huang G, Srikantha T, Sahni N, Yi S, Soll DR (2009) CO2 regulates white-opaque switching in Candida albicans. Curr Biol 19(4):330鈥?34CrossRef
  Inci M, Atalay MA, Koc AN, Yula E, Evirgen O, Durmaz S et al (2012) Investigating virulence factors of clinical Candida isolates in relation to atmospheric conditions and genotype. Turk J Med Sci 42(Sup2):1476鈥?483
  Jin Y, Yip HK, Samaranayake YH, Yau JY, Samaranayake LP (2003) Biofilm-forming ability of Candida albicans is unlikely to contribute to high levels of oral yeast carriage in cases of human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Clin Microbiol 41(7):2961鈥?967CrossRef
  King RD, Lee JC, Morris AL (1980) Adherence of Candida albicans and other Candida species to mucosal epithelial cells. Infect Immun 27(2):667鈥?74
  Kojic EM, Darouiche RO (2004) Candida infections of medical devices. Clin Microbiol Rev 17(2):255鈥?67CrossRef
  Kuhn DM, George T, Chandra J, Mukherjee PK, Ghannoum MA (2002) Antifungal susceptibility of Candida Biofilms: unique efficacy of amphotericin B lipid formulations and echinocandins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(6):1773鈥?780CrossRef
  Kumamoto CA, Vinces MD (2005) Contributions of hyphae and hypha-co-regulated genes to Candida albicans virulence. Cell Microbiol 7(11):1546鈥?554CrossRef
  Lo HJ, K枚hler JR, DiDomenico B, Loebenberg D, Cacciapuoti A, Fink GR (1997) Nonfilamentous C. albicans mutants are avirulent. Cell 90(5):939鈥?49CrossRef
  Mane A, Pawale C, Gaikwad S, Bembalkar S, Risbud A (2011) Adherence to buccal epithelial cells, enzymatic and hemolytic activities of Candida isolates from HIV-infected individuals. Med Mycol 49(5):548鈥?51
  Manns JM, Mosser DM, Buckley HR (1994) Production of a hemolytic factor by Candida albicans. Infect Immun 62(11):5154鈥?156
  Marukutira T, Huprikar S, Azie N, Quan SP, Meier-Kriesche HU, Horn DL (2014) Clinical characteristics and outcomes in 303 HIV-infected patients with invasive fungal infections: data from the Prospective Antifungal Therapy Alliance registry, a multicenter, observational study. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 6:39鈥?7CrossRef
  Mayer FL, Wilson D, Hube B (2013) Candida albicans pathogenicity mechanisms. Virulence 4(2):119鈥?28CrossRef
  Menezes TOA, Gillet LCS, Menezes SAF, Feitosa RNM, Ishak MOG, Ishak R et al (2013) Virulence factors of Candida albicans isolates from the oral cavities of HIV-1-Positive patients. Curr HIV Res 11(4):1鈥?CrossRef
  Mukherjee PK, Chandra J, Kuhn DM, Ghannoum MA (2003) Mechanism of fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans biofilms: phase-specific role of efflux pumps and membrane sterols. Infect Immun 71(8):4333鈥?340CrossRef
  Okonkwo EC, Alo MN, Nworie O, Orji JO, Agah MV (2012) Prevalence of oral candida albicans infection in HIV sero-positive patients in Abakaliki. Am J Life Sci 1(2):72鈥?6
  Perumal P, Mekala S, Chaffin WL (2007) Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51(7):2454鈥?463CrossRef
  Ramage G, Saville SP, Thomas DP, Lo麓pez-Ribot JS (2005) Candida biofilms: an update. Eukaryot Cell 4(4):633鈥?38CrossRef
  Reznik DA (2006) Perspective oral manifestations of HIV disease. Top HIV Med 13(5):143鈥?48
  Rodrigues A, Vaz CP, da Fonseca AF, Martinez-de-Oliveira J (1993) Evaluating the concentration of a Candida albicans suspension. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 1:134鈥?36CrossRef
  Stepanovic S, Cirkovic I, Ranin L, Svabic-Vlahovic M (2004) Biofilm formation by Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes on plastic surface. Lett Appl Microbiol 38:428鈥?32CrossRef
  UNAIDS (2013) Global report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic 2013. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), Geneva
  Vargas K, Miesser SA, Pfaller M, Lockhart SR, Stapleton JT, Hellstein J et al (2000) Elevated phenotypic switching and drug resistance of Candida albicans from human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals prior to first thrush episode. J Clin Microbiol 38(10):3595鈥?607
  Williams D, Lewis M (2011) Pathogenesis and treatment of oral candidosis. J Oral Microbiol. doi:10.鈥?402/鈥媕om.鈥媣3i0.鈥?771
  
• 作者单位：Tri Wibawa (1)
  Praseno (1)
  Abu Tholib Aman (1)
  
  1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
  
• 刊物类别：Science, general;
• 刊物主题：Science, general;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：2193-1801

文摘

Candida sp contributes 33.1 % of fungal infections among HIV patients. Among the species of the genus Candida, Candida albicans is the most frequently isolated from HIV patients. This study aimed to analyze putative virulence factors of C. albicans isolated from oral cavities of HIV infected patients and healthy individuals. Twenty isolates from HIV infected patients and fourteen from healthy individuals were analyzed for phenotypic switching, cell growth rate, hyphae formation, hemolytic activity and biofilm formation characteristics. The frequency of phenotypic switching was low in both groups. The cell growth rate of C. albicans from HIV infected patients were significantly higher than those from healthy individuals (p < 0.001). After 48 h incubation, the concentration of C. albicans isolated from HIV infected patients was 8.6 脳 106 cells/ml while the concentration of C. albicans isolated from healthy individuals was 7.8 脳 106 cells/ml. After 72 h incubation, the concentration of C. albicans isolated from HIV infected patients was 9.5 脳 106 cells/ml while the concentration of C. albicans isolated from healthy individuals was 8.2 脳 106 cells/ml. In contrast, the hemolytic activity of C. albicans isolated from healthy individuals were significantly higher compared to those from HIV infected patients (p < 0.001) at both aerobic (6 vs. 3.5 mm) and anaerobic (3.8 vs. 1.3 mm) conditions. The percentages of hyphae forming cells were higher in C. albicans collected from HIV infected patients (27.5 %) compared to the healthy individual group (14.7 %). However, this trend was not statistically significant (p = 0.1). Candida albicans isolated from HIV infected patients have similar ability to develop biofilms compared to those from healthy individuals. (OR = 4.2; 95 % CI 0.724鈥?6.559). The virulence factors of C. albicans isolated from HIV infected patients were not significantly different from those of healthy individuals. The results add new insights into the contribution of virulence factors in the pathogenesis of C. albicans infection in HIV infected patients. Keywords C. albicans Virulence factors HIV infection