Fluid therapy in critical illness

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Mark R Edwards (4) (5)
  Michael G Mythen (6) (7) (8)
  
  4. Department of Anaesthesia ; Southampton General Hospital ; University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust ; Tremona Road ; Southampton ; SO16 6YD ; UK
  5. NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit ; Southampton ; UK
  6. Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care ; University College London Hospitals ; London ; UK
  7. University College London ; London ; UK
  8. UCLH/UCL NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre ; London ; UK
  
• 关键词：Intravenous fluid ; Critical illness ; Surgery ; Goal ; directed therapy ; Glycocalyx
• 刊名：Extreme Physiology & Medicine
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：3
• 期：1
• 全文大小：414 KB
• 参考文献：1. Myburgh, JA, Mythen, MG (2013) Resuscitation fluids. N Engl J Med 369: pp. 1243-1251 CrossRef
  2. Chappell, D, Jacob, M, Hofmann-Kiefer, K (2008) A rational approach to perioperative fluid management. Anesthesiology 109: pp. 723-740 CrossRef
  3. Hamilton-Davies, C, Mythen, MG, Salmon, JB, Jacobson, D, Shukla, A, Webb, AR (1997) Comparison of commonly used clinical indicators of hypovolaemia with gastrointestinal tonometry. Intensive Care Med 23: pp. 276-281 CrossRef
  4. Mythen, MG, Webb, AR (1994) Intra-operative gut mucosal hypoperfusion is associated with increased post-operative complications and cost. Intensive Care Med 20: pp. 99-104 CrossRef
  5. Deitch, EA (1990) The role of intestinal barrier failure and bacterial translocation in the development of systemic infection and multiple organ failure. Arch Surg Chic Ill 1960 125: pp. 403-404
  6. Levick, JR, Michel, CC (2010) Microvascular fluid exchange and the revised Starling principle. Cardiovasc Res 87: pp. 198-210 CrossRef
  7. Henry, CB, Duling, BR (2000) TNF-alpha increases entry of macromolecules into luminal endothelial cell glycocalyx. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 279: pp. H2815-H2823
  8. Bruegger, D, Jacob, M, Rehm, M, Loetsch, M, Welsch, U, Conzen, P, Becker, BF (2005) Atrial natriuretic peptide induces shedding of endothelial glycocalyx in coronary vascular bed of guinea pig hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 289: pp. H1993-H1999 CrossRef
  9. Finfer, S, Bellomo, R, Boyce, N, French, J, Myburgh, J, Norton, R (2004) A comparison of albumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit. N Engl J Med 350: pp. 2247-2256 CrossRef
  10. Brunkhorst, FM, Engel, C, Bloos, F, Meier-Hellmann, A, Ragaller, M, Weiler, N, Moerer, O, Gruendling, M, Oppert, M, Grond, S, Olthoff, D, Jaschinski, U, John, S, Rossaint, R, Welte, T, Schaefer, M, Kern, P, Kuhnt, E, Kiehntopf, M, Hartog, C, Natanson, C, Loeffler, M, Reinhart, K (2008) Intensive insulin therapy and pentastarch resuscitation in severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 358: pp. 125-139 CrossRef
  11. James, MFM, Michell, WL, Joubert, IA, Nicol, AJ, Navsaria, PH, Gillespie, RS (2011) Resuscitation with hydroxyethyl starch improves renal function and lactate clearance in penetrating trauma in a randomized controlled study: the FIRST trial (Fluids in Resuscitation of Severe Trauma). Br J Anaesth 107: pp. 693-702 CrossRef
  12. Hahn, RG (2010) Volume kinetics for infusion fluids. Anesthesiology 113: pp. 470-481 CrossRef
  13. Myburgh, JA, Finfer, S, Bellomo, R, Billot, L, Cass, A, Gattas, D, Glass, P, Lipman, J, Liu, B, McArthur, C, McGuinness, S, Rajbhandari, D, Taylor, CB, Webb, SAR (2012) Hydroxyethyl starch or saline for fluid resuscitation in intensive care. N Engl J Med 367: pp. 1901-1911 CrossRef
  14. Rivers, E, Nguyen, B, Havstad, S, Ressler, J, Muzzin, A, Knoblich, B, Peterson, E, Tomlanovich, M (2001) Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 345: pp. 1368-1377 CrossRef
  A randomized trial of protocol-based care for early septic shock. N Engl J Med 370: pp. 1683-1693 CrossRef
  15. Dart AB, Mutter TC, Ruth CA, Taback SP, / et al.: Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus other fluid therapies: effects on kidney function. / Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010, (1):1鈥?04.
  16. Haase, N, Perner, A, Hennings, LI, Siegemund, M, Lauridsen, B, Wetterslev, M, Wetterslev, J (2013) Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.38-0.45 versus crystalloid or albumin in patients with sepsis: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. BMJ 346: pp. f839 CrossRef
  17. Perner, A, Haase, N, Guttormsen, AB, Tenhunen, J, Klemenzson, G, 脜neman, A, Madsen, KR, M酶ller, MH, Elkj忙r, JM, Poulsen, LM, Bendtsen, A, Winding, R, Steensen, M, Berezowicz, P, S酶e-Jensen, P, Bestle, M, Strand, K, Wiis, J, White, JO, Thornberg, KJ, Quist, L, Nielsen, J, Andersen, LH, Holst, LB, Thormar, K, Kj忙ldgaard, A-L, Fabritius, ML, Mondrup, F, Pott, FC, M酶ller, TP (2012) Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 versus Ringer's acetate in severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 367: pp. 124-134 CrossRef
  18. Raghunathan, K, Murray, P, Beattie, WS, Lobo, D, Myburgh, JA, Sladen, R, Kellum, JA, Mythen, M, Shaw, AD (2014) Choice of fluid in acute illness: what should be given? Management strategies from the twelfth consensus conference of the acute dialysis quality initiative (ADQI) London 2013. Br J Anaesth.
  19. Shoemaker, WC, Appel, PL, Kram, HB, Waxman, K, Lee, TS (1988) Prospective trial of supranormal values of survivors as therapeutic goals in high-risk surgical patients. Chest 94: pp. 1176-1186 CrossRef
  20. Boyd, O, Grounds, RM, Bennett, ED (1993) A randomized clinical trial of the effect of deliberate perioperative increase of oxygen delivery on mortality in high-risk surgical patients. JAMA 270: pp. 2699-2707 CrossRef
  21. Grocott, MPW, Dushianthan, A, Hamilton, MA, Mythen, MG, Harrison, D, Rowan, K (2012) Perioperative increase in global blood flow to explicit defined goals and outcomes following surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev Online.
  22. Pearse, RM, Harrison, DA, MacDonald, N, Gillies, MA, Blunt, M, Ackland, G, Grocott, MP, Ahern, A, Griggs, K, Scott, R, Hinds, C, Rowan, K (2014) Effect of a perioperative, cardiac output-guided hemodynamic therapy algorithm on outcomes following major gastrointestinal surgery: a randomized clinical trial and systematic review. JAMA 311: pp. 2181-2190 CrossRef
  23. Brandstrup, B, T酶nnesen, H, Beier-Holgersen, R, Hjorts酶, E, 脴rding, H, Lindorff-Larsen, K, Rasmussen, MS, Lanng, C, Wallin, L, Iversen, LH, Gramkow, CS, Okholm, M, Blemmer, T, Svendsen, P-E, Rottensten, HH, Thage, B, Riis, J, Jeppesen, IS, Teilum, D, Christensen, AM, Graungaard, B, Pott, F (2003) Effects of intravenous fluid restriction on postoperative complications: comparison of two perioperative fluid regimens. Ann Surg 238: pp. 641-648 CrossRef
  24. Corcoran, T, Rhodes, JEJ, Clarke, S, Myles, PS, Ho, KM (2012) Perioperative fluid management strategies in major surgery: a stratified meta-analysis. Anesth Analg 114: pp. 640-651 CrossRef
  25. Shaw, AD, Bagshaw, SM, Goldstein, SL, Scherer, LA, Duan, M, Schermer, CR, Kellum, JA (2012) Major complications, mortality, and resource utilization after open abdominal surgery: 0.9% saline compared to Plasma-Lyte. Ann Surg 255: pp. 821-829 CrossRef
  26. McCluskey, SA, Karkouti, K, Wijeysundera, D, Minkovich, L, Tait, G, Beattie, WS (2013) Hyperchloremia after noncardiac surgery is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality: a propensity-matched cohort study. Anesth Analg 117: pp. 412-421 CrossRef
  27. Burdett, E, Dushianthan, A, Bennett-Guerrero, E, Cro, S, Gan, TJ, Grocott, MP, James, MF, Mythen, MG, O'Malley, CM, Roche, AM, Rowan, K (2012) Perioperative buffered versus non-buffered fluid administration for surgery in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev Online.
  28. Cannon, W, Fraser, J, Cowell, E (1918) The preventative treatment of wound shock. Jama J Am Med Assoc 618: pp. 621
  29. Bickell, WH, Wall, MJ, Pepe, PE, Martin, RR, Ginger, VF, Allen, MK, Mattox, KL (1994) Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries. N Engl J Med 331: pp. 1105-1109 CrossRef
  30. Harris, T, Thomas, GOR, Brohi, K (2012) Early fluid resuscitation in severe trauma. BMJ 345: pp. e5752 CrossRef
  31. Johansson, PI, Oliveri, RS, Ostrowski, SR (2012) Hemostatic resuscitation with plasma and platelets in trauma. J Emerg Trauma Shock 5: pp. 120-125 CrossRef
  32. Morrison, CA, Carrick, MM, Norman, MA, Scott, BG, Welsh, FJ, Tsai, P, Liscum, KR, Wall, MJJ, Mattox, KL (2011) Hypotensive resuscitation strategy reduces transfusion requirements and severe postoperative coagulopathy in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock: preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial. J Trauma-Inj Infect 70: pp. 652-663 CrossRef
  33. Dutton, RP, Mackenzie, CF, Scalea, TM (2002) Hypotensive resuscitation during active hemorrhage: impact on in-hospital mortality. J Trauma 52: pp. 1141-1146 CrossRef
  34. Moppett, IK (2007) Traumatic brain injury: assessment, resuscitation and early management. Br J Anaesth 99: pp. 18-31 CrossRef
  35. Bulger, EM, May, S, Kerby, JD, Emerson, S, Stiell, IG, Schreiber, MA, Brasel, KJ, Tisherman, SA, Coimbra, R, Rizoli, S, Minei, JP, Hata, JS, Sopko, G, Evans, DC, Hoyt, DB (2011) Out-of-hospital hypertonic resuscitation after traumatic hypovolemic shock. Ann Surg 253: pp. 431-441 CrossRef
  36. Kamel, H, Navi, BB, Nakagawa, K, Hemphill, JC, Ko, NU (2011) Hypertonic saline versus mannitol for the treatment of elevated intracranial pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Crit Care Med 39: pp. 554-559 CrossRef
  37. Bulger, EM, May, S, Brasel, KJ, Schreiber, M, Kerby, JD, Tisherman, SA, Newgard, C, Slutsky, A, Coimbra, R, Emerson, S, Minei, JP, Bardarson, B, Kudenchuk, P, Baker, A, Christenson, J, Idris, A, Davis, D, Fabian, TC, Aufderheide, TP, Callaway, C, Williams, C, Banek, J, Vaillancourt, C, Van Heest, R, Sopko, G, Hata, JS, Hoyt, DB (2010) Out-of-hospital hypertonic resuscitation following severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial. Jama J Am Med Assoc 304: pp. 1455-1464 CrossRef
  Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions: New Guidance. Medical Research Council, London
  38. Shoemaker, WC, Chang, P, Czer, L, Bland, R, Shabot, MM, State, D (1979) Cardiorespiratory monitoring in postoperative patients: I. Prediction of outcome and severity of illness. Crit Care Med 7: pp. 237-242 CrossRef
  39. Connors, AF, Speroff, T, Dawson, NV, Thomas, C, Harrell, FE, Wagner, D, Desbiens, N, Goldman, L, Wu, AW, Califf, RM, Fulkerson, WJ, Vidaillet, H, Broste, S, Bellamy, P, Lynn, J, Knaus, WA (1996) The effectiveness of right heart catheterization in the initial care of critically ill patients. SUPPORT Investigators. Jama J Am Med Assoc 276: pp. 889-897 CrossRef
  CardioQ-ODM Oesophageal Doppler Monitor [MTG3]. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London
  40. Noblett, SE, Snowden, CP, Shenton, BK, Horgan, AF (2006) Randomized clinical trial assessing the effect of Doppler-optimized fluid management on outcome after elective colorectal resection. Br J Surg 93: pp. 1069-1076 CrossRef
  41. Hayes, MA, Timmins, AC, Yau, EH, Palazzo, M, Hinds, CJ, Watson, D (1994) Elevation of systemic oxygen delivery in the treatment of critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 330: pp. 1717-1722 CrossRef
  42. Gattinoni, L, Brazzi, L, Pelosi, P, Latini, R, Tognoni, G, Pesenti, A, Fumagalli, R (1995) A trial of goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy in critically ill patients. SvO2 Collaborative Group. N Engl J Med 333: pp. 1025-1032 CrossRef
  43. Boyd, JH, Forbes, J, Nakada, T, Walley, KR, Russell, JA (2011) Fluid resuscitation in septic shock: a positive fluid balance and elevated central venous pressure are associated with increased mortality. Crit Care Med 39: pp. 259-265 CrossRef
  44. Annane, D, Siami, S, Jaber, S, Martin, C, Elatrous, S, Decl猫re, AD, Preiser, JC, Outin, H, Troch茅, G, Charpentier, C, Trouillet, JL, Kimmoun, A, Forceville, X, Darmon, M, Lesur, O, Reignier, J, Abroug, F, Berger, P, Clec'h, C, Cousson, J, Thibault, L, Chevret, S (2013) Effects of fluid resuscitation with colloids vs crystalloids on mortality in critically ill patients presenting with hypovolemic shock: The CRISTAL randomized trial. JAMA 310: pp. 1809-1817 CrossRef
  45. Vincent, J-L, De Backer, D (2013) Circulatory shock. N Engl J Med 369: pp. 1726-1734 CrossRef
  A comparison of albumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit. N Engl J Med 350: pp. 2247-2256 CrossRef
  46. Cooper, DJ, Myburgh, J, Heritier, S, Finfer, S, Bellomo, R, Billot, L, Murray, L, Vallance, S (2013) Albumin resuscitation for traumatic brain injury: is intracranial hypertension the cause of increased mortality?. J Neurotrauma 30: pp. 512-518 CrossRef
  47. Caironi, P, Tognoni, G, Masson, S, Fumagalli, R, Pesenti, A, Romero, M, Fanizza, C, Caspani, L, Faenza, S, Grasselli, G, Iapichino, G, Antonelli, M, Parrini, V, Fiore, G, Latini, R, Gattinoni, L (2014) Albumin replacement in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. N Engl J Med 370: pp. 1412-1421 CrossRef
  Intravenous Fluid Therapy in Adults in Hospital (Clinical Guidance 174). NICE, London
  48. Maitland, K, Kiguli, S, Opoka, RO, Engoru, C, Olupot-Olupot, P, Akech, SO, Nyeko, R, Mtove, G, Reyburn, H, Lang, T, Brent, B, Evans, JA, Tibenderana, JK, Crawley, J, Russell, EC, Levin, M, Babiker, AG, Gibb, DM (2011) Mortality after fluid bolus in African children with severe infection. N Engl J Med 364: pp. 2483-2495 CrossRef
  49. Maitland, K, George, EC, Evans, JA, Kiguli, S, Olupot-Olupot, P, Akech, SO, Opoka, RO, Engoru, C, Nyeko, R, Mtove, G, Reyburn, H, Brent, B, Nteziyaremye, J, Mpoya, A, Prevatt, N, Dambisya, CM, Semakula, D, Ddungu, A, Okuuny, V, Wokulira, R, Timbwa, M, Otii, B, Levin, M, Crawley, J, Babiker, AG, Gibb, DM (2013) Exploring mechanisms of excess mortality with early fluid resuscitation: insights from the FEAST trial. BMC Med 11: pp. 68 CrossRef
  
• 刊物主题：Human Physiology; Emergency Medicine; Intensive / Critical Care Medicine; Cardiology; Pneumology/Respiratory System; Sports Medicine;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：2046-7648

文摘

Major surgery and critical illnesses such as sepsis and trauma all disturb normal physiological fluid handling. Intravenous fluid therapy for resuscitation and fluid maintenance is a central part of medical care during these conditions, yet the evidence base supporting practice in this area lacks answers to a number of important questions. Recent research developments include a refinement of our knowledge of the endothelial barrier structure and function and a focus on the potential harm that may be associated with intravenous fluid therapy. Here, we briefly describe the contemporary view of fluid physiology and how this may be disrupted by pathological processes. The important themes in critical illness fluid research are discussed, with a particular focus on two emerging ideas: firstly, that individualising fluid treatment to the patient, their underlying disease state and the phase of that illness may be key to improving clinical outcomes using fluid interventions and, secondly, that fluids should be considered to be drugs, with specific indications and contraindications, dose ranges and potential toxicities.