参考文献:1.Gortmaker SL, Hughes M, Cervia J, Brady M, Johnson GM, Seage GR 3rd, et al. Effect of combination therapy including protease inhibitors on mortality among children and adolescents infected with HIV-1. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1522–8. 2.Viani RM, Araneta MR, Deville JG, Spector SA. Decrease in hospitalization and mortality rates among children with perinatally acquired HIV type 1 infection receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:725–31.CrossRef PubMed 3.Resino S, Bellon JM, Resino R, et al. Extensive implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy shows great effect on survival and surrogate markers in vertically HIV-infected children. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:1605–12.CrossRef PubMed 4.Leonard EG, McComsey GA. Metabolic complication of antiretroviral therapy in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003;22:77–84.CrossRef PubMed 5.McComsey GA, Leonard E. Metabolic complications of HIV therapy in children. AIDS. 2004;18:1753–68.CrossRef PubMed 6.Brewinski M, Megazzini K, Hance LF, et al; NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2010. Dyslipidemia in a cohort of HIV infected Latin American children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Trop Pediatr. 2010;57:324–32. 7.Hazraa R, Cohen RA, Gonin R, et al; NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2011. Lipid levels in the second year of life among HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected Latin American children. AIDS. 2012;26:235–40. 8.Aurpibul L, Puthanakit T, Lee B, Mangklabruks A, Sirisanthana T, Sirisanthana V. Lipodystrophy and metabolic changes in HIV infected children on non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor based antiretroviral therapy. Antivir Ther. 2007;12:1247–54.PubMed 9.Parakh A, Dubey AP, Kumar A, Maheshwari A. Lipodystrophy and metabolic complications of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Indian J Pediatr. 2009;76:1017–21.CrossRef PubMed 10.European Pediatric Lipodystrophy Group. Antiretroviral therapy, fat redistribution and hyperlipidemia in HIV-infected children in Europe. AIDS. 2004;18:1443–51.CrossRef 11.National AIDS Control Organization (NACO). Guidelines for HIV care and treatment in infants and children. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India; 2006. 12.WHO case definitions of HIV for surveillance and revised clinical staging and immunological classification of HIV-related disease in adults and children. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007. Available at: www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/HIVstaging150307.pdf . 13.Dietary guidelines for Indians: a manual. 2nd ed. Hyderabad: National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research; 2011. 14.Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972;18:499–502.PubMed 15.National cholesterol education programme (NCEP): highlights of the reports of the expert panel on blood cholesterol levels in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 1992; 89:495–501. 16.Ene L, Goetghebuer T, Hainaut M, Peltier A, Toppet V, Levy J. Prevalence of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected children: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Pediatr. 2007;166:13–21.CrossRef PubMed 17.Lapphra K, Vanprapar N, Phongsamart W, Chearskul P, Chokephaibulkit K. Dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy in HIV infected Thai children on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). J Med Assoc Thai. 2005;88:956–66. 18.van der Valk M, Kastelein JJ, Murphy RL. et al; Atlantic Study Team. Nevirapine containing antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected patients results in an anti-atherogenic lipid profile. AIDS. 2001;15:2407–14.CrossRef PubMed 19.Jaquet D, Levine M, Ortega-Rodriguez E, et al. Clinical and metabolic presentation of the lipodystrophic syndrome in HIV-infected children. AIDS. 2000;14:2123–8.CrossRef PubMed 20.Effros RB, Fletcher CV, Gebo K, et al. Aging and infectious diseases: workshop on HIV infection and aging: what is known and future research directions. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47:542–53.PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed 21.Friis-Møller N, Reiss P, Sabin CA, et al; DAD Study Group. Class of antiretroviral drugs and the risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1723–35.CrossRef PubMed 22.Friis-Møller N, Weber R, Reiss P, et al; Cardiovascular disease risk factors in HIV patients-association with antiretroviral therapy. Results from the DAD study. AIDS. 2003;17:1179–93.CrossRef PubMed 23.Sabin CA, Worm SW, Weber R, et al; DAD Study Group. Use of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and risk of myocardial infarction in HIV-infected patients enrolled in the D:a:D study: a multi-cohort collaboration. Lancet. 2008;371:1417–26.CrossRef PubMed 24.Triant VA, Lee H, Hadigan C, Grinspoon SK. Increased acute myocardial infarction rates and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:2506–12.PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
作者单位:Anirban Mandal (1) Aparna Mukherjee (1) R. Lakshmy (2) Sushil K. Kabra (1) Rakesh Lodha (1)
1. Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India 2. Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
刊物主题:Pediatrics; Gynecology;
出版者:Springer India
ISSN:0973-7693
文摘
Objective To assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy in Indian children receiving non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) based highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to determine the associated risk factors for the same.