Efficacious somatic embryogenesis and fertile plant recovery from shoot apex explants of onion (Allium cepa. L.)
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- 作者：M. Ramakrishnan (1)
S. Antony Ceasar (1) (2)
V. Duraipandiyan (1) (3)
Melvin A. Daniel (1)
S. Ignacimuthu (1) - 关键词：Onion ; Shoot apex ; Embryogenic callus ; Somatic embryo ; Plant regeneration
- 刊名：In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant
- 出版年：2013
- 出版时间：June 2013
- 年：2013
- 卷：49
- 期：3
- 页码：285-293
- 全文大小：327KB
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S. Antony Ceasar (1) (2)
V. Duraipandiyan (1) (3)
Melvin A. Daniel (1)
S. Ignacimuthu (1)
1. Division of Plant Biotechnology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, India, 600 034
2. Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 11451
文摘
An efficient somatic embryogenesis and regeneration system was developed for the first time in onion using shoot apex explants. These explants were used to initiate callus in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.0?mg?l? 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The induction frequency of primary callus in this medium was 85.3%. The primary calli were then transferred onto medium supplemented with 2.0?mg?l? 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Following two biweekly subcultures, embryogenic callus formed. Inclusion of a low concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine in the subculture medium promoted the formation of embryogenic callus. The addition of 2.0?mg?l? glycine, 690?mg?l? proline, and 1.0?g?l? casein hydrolysate also increased the frequency of callus induction and embryogenic callus formation. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus (86.9%) and greatest number of somatic embryos (26.3 per callus) were obtained by the further addition of 8.0?mg?l? silver nitrate. Somatic embryos formed plantlets on regeneration medium supplemented with 1.5?mg?l? 6-benzylaminopurine; addition of 2.0?mg?l? glycine to the regeneration medium promoted a high frequency of regeneration (78.1%) and plantlet formation (28.7 plants per callus). The regenerated plantlets were transferred to half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5?mg?l? indole-3-butyric acid for root development; the maximum frequency of root formation was 87.7% and the average number of roots was 7.6 per shoot. The regenerated plantlets were successfully grown to maturity after hardening in the soil. This is the first report of somatic embryogenesis and regeneration from shoot apex explants of onion.