US Investments in International Climate Research and Applications: reflections on contributions to interdisciplinary climate science and services, development, and adaptation
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- 作者：Lisa Farrow Vaughan ; John Furlow ; Wayne Higgins ; Claudia Nierenberg…
- 关键词：Interdisciplinary climate research ; Climate variability and change ; Resilience ; Climate services ; International cooperation ; Climate and development
- 刊名：Earth Perspectives
- 出版年：2014
- 出版时间：December 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：1
- 期：1
- 全文大小：528KB
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World Health Organization climate programs[http://?www.?who.?int/?topics/?climate/?en/-/span> ] - 作者单位：Lisa Farrow Vaughan (6)
John Furlow (7)
Wayne Higgins (6)
Claudia Nierenberg (6)
Roger Pulwarty (8)
6. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commerce, Climate Program Office, 1315 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD, 20190, USA
7. US Agency for International Development, Department of State, Global Climate Change Office, 1300 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington DC, DC, 20523, USA
8. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commerce, Climate Program Office, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA - 刊物类别：Earth System Sciences; Biogeosciences; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice; Epidemiology; Water, gen
- 刊物主题：Earth System Sciences; Biogeosciences; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice; Epidemiology; Water, general; Biodiversity;
- 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- ISSN：2194-6434
文摘
Climate variability and change have long posed substantial challenges for social, economic and natural systems throughout the world. Incorporating information about climate fluctuations and their impacts is an increasingly important component of risk management and planning in key socio-economic sectors. Understanding and meeting these challenges through effective risk management strategies that foster preparedness, impact mitigation, and adaptation requires a long-term investment in and commitment to sound science, transition, and translation of information among communities, and the application and evaluation of climate services and decision support resources. This science should be developed, implemented and applied in the context of the practical needs and capabilities of communities, stakeholders, and socio-economic sectors if it is to inform resource management challenges, and contribute to the field of study of climate, climate information services, preparedness and adaptation. During the early 1990s, the United States expressed a desire to capitalize on emerging developments in atmospheric and oceanic research and early climate impact studies, in order to develop the institutional capacity to meet these needs on global and regional scales. As a member of the US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), and working in partnership with the international scientific and governmental community, NOAA led the development of an international research institute, which is known today as the International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI). Over several decades - from the initial conceptual and demonstration phases, to today’s mature institution -IRI had a substantial influence in linking science and action to risk management. This essay briefly reflects upon the initial vision for and evolution of the IRI; the importance of investments in endeavors of this nature to the US climate research and services communities, including model development, climate prediction and integrated research and assessments; and the value of such an institution to a Federal entity concerned with development and risk management in developing countries - the US Agency for International Development (USAID). We conclude with some thoughts about future directions. Keywords Interdisciplinary climate research Climate variability and change Resilience Climate services International cooperation Climate and development