Dispersal asymmetries and deleterious mutations influence metapopulation persistence and range dynamics

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• 作者：Roslyn C. Henry ; Aurélie Coulon ; Justin M. J. Travis
• 关键词：Dispersal asymmetries ; Mutation load ; Environmental gradients ; Gene flow
• 刊名：Evolutionary Ecology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：November 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：29
• 期：6
• 页码：833-850
• 全文大小：1,949 KB
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• 作者单位：Roslyn C. Henry (1)
  Aurélie Coulon (2) (3)
  Justin M. J. Travis (1)
  
  1. Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
  2. Centre d’Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation, UMR 7204 MNHN-CNRS-UPMC, 55 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
  3. Laboratory Biogeography and Vertebrate Ecology, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), UMR 5175 Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - EPHE, 1919 route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Evolutionary Biology
  Plant Sciences
  Human Genetics
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-8477

文摘

Asymmetric dispersal within and between populations is more often the norm than the exception. For example, prevailing winds and currents can result in directional dispersal of many passively dispersed species and inter-individual variability in physical condition can generate asymmetric dispersal rates between individuals and populations. Despite this, very little theory incorporates asymmetric dispersal into spatial ecological or genetic models. We therefore present three illustrative scenarios incorporating asymmetric dispersal into spatially and genetically explicit individual based models. In the first, asymmetric dispersal due to environmental forces, such as wind or currents, interacts with the accumulation of mutation load across an environmental gradient, with consequences for range dynamics. In the second, asymmetric dispersal rates arise as individuals disperse according to their physical condition, such that individuals carrying more mutation load disperse less. We demonstrate that this condition-dependent asymmetric dispersal substantially reduces metapopulation persistence. Finally, we turn to the potential implications of condition-dependent dispersal for range expansions. Simulations demonstrate that asymmetric dispersal of individuals according to their load status can substantially slow the rate of range expansion. Taken together, these results highlight that overlooking asymmetric dispersal can result in major biases of our estimates of species persistence and range expansion dynamics. Keywords Dispersal asymmetries Mutation load Environmental gradients Gene flow