Regulator Versus Effector Paradigm: Interleukin-10 as Indicator of the Switching Response

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• 作者：Ervin Ç. Mingomataj ; Alketa H. Bakiri
• 关键词：Interleukin ; 10 ; The switching immunity
• 刊名：Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：50
• 期：1
• 页码：97-113
• 全文大小：536 KB
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• 作者单位：Ervin Ç. Mingomataj (1) (2)
  Alketa H. Bakiri (3) (4)
  
  1. Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, “Mother Theresa” School of Medicine, Tirana, Albania
  2. Faculty of Technical Medical Sciences, Department of Preclinical Disciplines, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania
  3. Hygeia Hospital Tirana, Outpatients Service, Allergology Consulting Room, Tirana, Albania
  4. Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Albanian University, Tirana, Albania
  
• 刊物主题：Allergology; Immunology; Internal Medicine;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1559-0267

文摘

The interleukin-10 (IL-10) is generally considered as the most important cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties and one of the key cytokines preventing inflammation-mediated tissue damage. In this respect, IL-10 producing cells play a crucial role in the outcome of infections, allergy, autoimmune reactions, tumor development, and transplant tolerance. Based on recent findings with regard to the mentioned clinical conditions, this review attempts to shed some light on the IL-10 functions, considering this cytokine as inherent inducer of the switching immunity. While acute infections and vaccinations are associated by IL-10 enhanced during few weeks, chronic parasitoses, tumor diseases, allergen-specific immunotherapy, transplants, and use of immune-suppressor drugs show an increased IL-10 level along months or years. With regard to autoimmune pathologies, the IL-10 increase is prevalently observed during early stages, whereas the successive stages are characterized by reaching of immune equilibrium independently to disease’s activity. Together, these findings indicate that IL-10 is mainly produced during transient immune conditions and the persistent IL-10-related effect is the indication/prediction (and maybe effectuation) of the switching immunity. Actual knowledge emphasizes that any manipulation of the IL-10 response for treatment purposes should be considered very cautiously due to its potential hazards to the immune system. Probably, the IL-10 as potential switcher of immunity response should be used in association with co-stimulatory immune effectors that are necessary to determine the appropriate deviation during treatment of respective pathologies. Hopefully, further findings would open new avenues to study the biology of this “master switch” cytokine and its therapeutic potential. Keywords Interleukin-10 The switching immunity