Carbon flows in eutrophic Lake Rotsee: a ¹³C-labelling experiment

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• 作者：J. M. Lammers ; C. J. Schubert ; J. J. Middelburg ; G. J. Reichart
• 关键词：Autotrophy ; Biomarkers ; δ13C Tracer ; Heterotrophy ; Lacustrine food web
• 刊名：Biogeochemistry
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：131
• 期：1-2
• 页码：147-162
• 全文大小：1017KB
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Biogeosciences; Ecosystems; Environmental Chemistry; Life Sciences, general;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：1573-515X
• 卷排序：131

文摘

The microbial segment of food webs plays a crucial role in lacustrine food-web functioning and carbon transfer, thereby influencing carbon storage and CO₂ emission and uptake in freshwater environments. Variability in microbial carbon processing (autotrophic and heterotrophic production and respiration based on glucose) with depth was investigated in eutrophic, methane-rich Lake Rotsee, Switzerland. In June 2011, 13C-labelling experiments were carried out at six depth intervals in the water column under ambient light as well as dark conditions to evaluate the relative importance of (chemo)autotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic production. Label incorporation rates of phospholipid-derived fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers allowed us to differentiate between microbial producers and calculate group-specific production. We conclude that at 6 m, net primary production (NPP) rates were highest, dominated by algal photoautotrophic production. At 10 m —the base of the oxycline— a distinct low-light community was able to fix inorganic carbon, while in the hypolimnion, heterotrophic production prevailed. At 2 m depth, high label incorporation into POC could only be traced to nonspecific PLFA, which prevented definite identification, but suggests cyanobacteria as dominating organisms. There was also depth zonation in extracellular carbon release and heterotrophic bacterial growth on recently fixed carbon. Large differences were observed between concentrations and label incorporation of POC and biomarkers, with large pools of inactive biomass settling in the hypolimnion, suggesting late-/post-bloom conditions. Net primary production (115 mmol C m−2 d−1) reached highest values in the epilimnion and was higher than glucose-based production (3.3 mmol C m−2 d−1, highest rates in the hypolimnion) and respiration (5.9 mmol C m−2 d−1, highest rates in the epilimnion). Hence, eutrophic Lake Rotsee was net autotrophic during our experiments, potentially storing large amounts of carbon.