Doing the Hard Work Where it's Easiest? Examining the Relationships Between Urban Greening Programs and Social and Ecological Characteristics
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- 作者：Dexter H. Locke ; J. Morgan Grove
- 关键词：Adoption ; Urban sustainability ; Tree canopy ; Geodemographics Baltimore ; MD ; Washington ; D.C
- 刊名：Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：March 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：9
- 期：1
- 页码：77-96
- 全文大小：1,571 KB
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J. Morgan Grove (2)
1. Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, 950 Main St., Worcester, MA, 01610-1477, USA
2. USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, Baltimore Field Station, UMBC, 5200 Westland Blvd., TRC 171, Baltimore, MD, 21227, USA - 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
- 刊物主题：Geography
Landscape, Regional and Urban Planning
Demography
Human Geography
Geography - 出版者：Springer Netherlands
- ISSN：1874-4621
文摘
In this paper we examine the performance of formal programs associated with tree plantings in Washington, D.C. and Baltimore, MD to understand the relationships between the implementation of urban greening programs and the social and ecological characteristics of a city. Previous research has examined variations in patterns of existing and possible tree canopy cover relative to different social theories. Less attention has been paid to the processes of how the current patterns of tree canopy cover have developed. The goal of this paper is to address this gap by examining current programs to increase tree canopy. This paper utilizes public records, administrative data, a geodemographic market segmentation database, and high-resolution land cover data to assess where programs work, who participates in these programs, and whom the programs fail to reach. Recruiting households to plant trees can be hard work. In this paper, we find that programs might be most successful where it is easiest but have the lowest need. Free or reduced-cost programs for tree planting on private lands were most effective in the most affluent neighborhoods of Washington, D.C. and Baltimore, MD. These areas tended to also have the most existing tree canopy on both private residential lands and the public right of way. An outcome of this research is a framework for further testing which land management strategies are most effective, where, and with whom in order to improve the ability to plan and enhance urban sustainability and resilience through urban forestry.