Sleep Deprivation-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown and Brain Dysfunction are Exacerbated by Size-Related Exposure to Ag and Cu Nanoparticles. Neuroprotective Effects of a 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist Ondansetron

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• 作者：Aruna Sharma ; Dafin F. Muresanu ; José V. Lafuente…
• 关键词：Sleep deprivation ; Blood ; brain barrier ; Serotonin metabolism ; Ondansetron ; 5 ; HT3 receptor antagonist ; Neuronal injury ; Metal nanoparticles ; Brain edema
• 刊名：Molecular Neurobiology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：52
• 期：2
• 页码：867-881
• 全文大小：3,006 KB
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• 作者单位：Aruna Sharma (1)
  Dafin F. Muresanu (2)
  José V. Lafuente (3)
  Ranjana Patnaik (1) (4)
  Z. Ryan Tian (5)
  Anca D. Buzoianu (6)
  Hari S. Sharma (1) (7)
  
  1. Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
  2. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  3. Department of Neurosciences, University of Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
  4. Indian Institute of Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomaterials, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
  5. Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
  6. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Ha?ieganu- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  7. International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Uppsala University Hospital, Fr?dingsgatan 12, SE-75421, Uppsala, Sweden
  
• 刊物主题：Neurosciences; Neurobiology; Cell Biology; Neurology;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1559-1182

文摘

Military personnel are often subjected to sleep deprivation (SD) during combat operations. Since SD is a severe stress and alters neurochemical metabolism in the brain, a possibility exists that acute or long-term SD will influence blood-brain barrier (BBB) function and brain pathology. This hypothesis was examined in young adult rats (age 12 to 14 weeks) using an inverted flowerpot model. Rats were placed over an inverted flowerpot platform (6.5 cm diameter) in a water pool where the water levels are just 3 cm below the surface. In this model, animals can go to sleep for brief periods but cannot achieve deep sleep as they would fall into water and thus experience sleep interruption. These animals showed leakage of Evans blue in the cerebellum, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, parietal, temporal, occipital, cingulate cerebral cortices, and brain stem. The ventricular walls of the lateral and fourth ventricles were also stained blue, indicating disruption of the BBB and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Breakdown of the BBB or the BCSFB fluid barrier was progressive in nature from 12 to 48 h but no apparent differences in BBB leakage were seen between 48 and 72 h of SD. Interestingly, rats treated with metal nanoparticles, e.g., Cu or Ag, showed profound exacerbation of BBB disruption by 1.5- to 4-fold, depending on the duration of SD. Measurement of plasma and brain serotonin showed a close correlation between BBB disruption and the amine level. Repeated treatment with the serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist ondansetron (1 mg/kg, s.c.) 4 and 8 h after SD markedly reduced BBB disruption and brain pathology after 12 to 24 h SD but not following 48 or 72 h after SD. However, TiO2-nanowired ondansetron (1 mg/kg, s.c) in an identical manner induced neuroprotection in rats following 48 or 72 h SD. However, plasma and serotonin levels were not affected by ondansetron treatment. Taken together, our observations are the first to show that (i) SD could induce BBB disruption and brain pathology, (ii) nanoparticles exacerbate SD-induced brain damage, and (iii) serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron is neuroprotective in SD that is further potentiated byTiO2-nanowired delivery, not reported earlier. Keywords Sleep deprivation Blood-brain barrier Serotonin metabolism Ondansetron 5-HT3 receptor antagonist Neuronal injury Metal nanoparticles Brain edema