Endophytic Fungi: Prospects in Biofuel Production
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文摘
Endophytic fungi are now being recognized as a yet unexplored source of volatile low molecular mass hydrocarbons and lipids for the production of next generation biofuels. These next generation biofuels are to be produced by more efficient and lesser number of biosynthetic steps directly from the microorganisms responsible and would have the preferred adaptability for immediate use in the current internal combustion engines without bringing about a radical change in automobile design. Research groups working across the world have reported isolation of endophytes having optimum lipid profiles for use as precursors for biofuel generation. Fungal endophytes have also been found to produce volatile organic compounds having similarity with conventional diesel fuel. The recent publication of the genome sequence of one such biofuel producing endophytic fungi Ascocoryne sarcoides will increase the understanding of the biosynthetic machinery by which endophytes are able achieve the complex feat of generating volatile hydrocarbons. Research on this important area of alternative bio-energy for ensuring India’s energy security in the near future has slowly started gaining momentum. The present article therefore aims to review the current status of research in the Indian perspective, in order to encourage and generate interest among research groups across India and the world for initiating and undertaking more vigorous and focused research activity on endophytic fungi from the Indian sub-continent having the potential to make fuel-related hydrocarbons.

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